महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-23, verse-39

गामश्वं वित्तमन्नं वा तद्विधे प्रतिपादयेत् ।
द्रव्याणि चान्यानि तथा प्रेत्यभावे न शोचति ॥३९॥

39. gāmaśvaṁ vittamannaṁ vā tadvidhe pratipādayet ,
dravyāṇi cānyāni tathā pretyabhāve na śocati.

39. gām aśvam vittam annam vā tadvidhe pratipādayet
dravyāṇi ca anyāni tathā pretyabhāve na śocati

39. gām aśvam vittam annam vā anyāni ca dravyāṇi
tadvidhe pratipādayet tathā pretyabhāve na śocati

39. One should donate a cow, a horse, wealth, food, or other valuables to such a deserving person. In doing so, one will not grieve in the state after death (pretyabhāve).

Words meanings summery:

• गाम् (gām) - cow

• अश्वम् (aśvam) - horse

• वित्तम् (vittam) - wealth, property, acquisition

• अन्नम् (annam) - food, grain

• वा (vā) - or, either

• तद्विधे (tadvidhe) - to one of that kind, to such a person

• प्रतिपादयेत् (pratipādayet) - one should offer, one should give, one should bestow

• द्रव्याणि (dravyāṇi) - substances, goods, wealth, material things

• च (ca) - and, also

• अन्यानि (anyāni) - other, different

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, similarly

• प्रेत्यभावे (pretyabhāve) - in the state after death (pretyabhāve) (in the state after death, in the next world)

• न (na) - not, no

• शोचति (śocati) - grieves, laments, sorrows

Words meanings and morphology

गाम् (gām) - cow

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, earth, ray of light

Note: Object of 'pratipādayet'.

अश्वम् (aśvam) - horse

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aśva

aśva - horse

Note: Object of 'pratipādayet'.

वित्तम् (vittam) - wealth, property, acquisition

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vitta

vitta - found, acquired, property, wealth

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

From root vid (to find, to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Object of 'pratipādayet'.

अन्नम् (annam) - food, grain

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anna

anna - food, rice, meal

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

From root ad (to eat)

Root: ad (class 2)

Note: Object of 'pratipādayet'.

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

तद्विधे (tadvidhe) - to one of that kind, to such a person

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of tadvidha

tadvidha - of that kind, such, similar

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tad+vidha)

• tad – that, he, she, it
  pronoun
• vidha – kind, sort, type, manner
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhā (to place, arrange)
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Recipient of the donation.

प्रतिपादयेत् (pratipādayet) - one should offer, one should give, one should bestow

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of pratipāday

optative active

Causative of root pad (to go, to fall) with prefix prati

Prefix: prati

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Implies 'one should'.

द्रव्याणि (dravyāṇi) - substances, goods, wealth, material things

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of dravya

dravya - substance, material, wealth, property, thing

From root dru (to run) with suffix ya

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Object of 'pratipādayet'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अन्यानि (anyāni) - other, different

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Qualifies 'dravyāṇi'.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, similarly

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the act of giving with the consequence.

प्रेत्यभावे (pretyabhāve) - in the state after death (pretyabhāve) (in the state after death, in the next world)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pretyabhāva

pretyabhāva - state after death, condition in the next world

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pretya+bhāva)

• pretya – having died, in the next world (adverbially)
  indeclinable
  absolutive/gerund
  From pra + i (to go)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: i (class 2)
• bhāva – state, condition, existence, being
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhū (to be)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

शोचति (śocati) - grieves, laments, sorrows

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of śoc

present active indicative

From root śuc (to glow, to grieve)

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Subject is an implied 'one' (the donor).