महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-23, verse-37

ये त्वेवंगुणजातीयास्तेभ्यो दत्तं महाफलम् ।
सहस्रगुणमाप्नोति गुणार्हाय प्रदायकः ॥३७॥

37. ye tvevaṁguṇajātīyāstebhyo dattaṁ mahāphalam ,
sahasraguṇamāpnoti guṇārhāya pradāyakaḥ.

37. ye tu evaṃguṇajātīyāḥ tebhyaḥ dattam mahāphalam
sahasraguṇam āpnoti guṇārhāya pradāyakaḥ

37. tu ye evaṃguṇajātīyāḥ tebhyaḥ dattam mahāphalam;
pradāyakaḥ guṇārhāya sahasraguṇam āpnoti

37. However, a gift (dāna) given to those who possess such qualities yields a great reward. A donor who gives to a person worthy of virtue obtains a thousandfold benefit.

Words meanings summery:

• ये (ye) - who, which

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• एवंगुणजातीयाः (evaṁguṇajātīyāḥ) - of such a type, possessing such qualities, having such attributes

• तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - to them, for them

• दत्तम् (dattam) - a charitable gift (dāna) (given, a gift)

• महाफलम् (mahāphalam) - great fruit, great reward, immense benefit

• सहस्रगुणम् (sahasraguṇam) - a thousandfold, a thousand times

• आप्नोति (āpnoti) - obtains, achieves, reaches

• गुणार्हाय (guṇārhāya) - to one worthy of virtue/merit, to a deserving person

• प्रदायकः (pradāyakaḥ) - giver, donor

Words meanings and morphology

ये (ye) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, what, who, whoever

Note: Refers to 'those who' (implied people).

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

एवंगुणजातीयाः (evaṁguṇajātīyāḥ) - of such a type, possessing such qualities, having such attributes

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of evaṃguṇajātīya

evaṁguṇajātīya - of such a kind, endowed with such qualities, of such a type

Derived from evaṃguṇa + jātīya (suffix indicating 'kind' or 'type')

Compound type : karmadhāraya (evam+guṇa+jātīya)

• evam – thus, in this manner, such
  indeclinable
• guṇa – quality, virtue, attribute, merit
  noun (masculine)
• jātīya – of a kind, of a class, resembling
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix -jātīya

Note: Qualifies 'ye' (those who).

तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) - to them, for them

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the recipients of the gift.

दत्तम् (dattam) - a charitable gift (dāna) (given, a gift)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of datta

datta - given, granted, a gift

Past Passive Participle

From root dā (to give)

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: The subject of the sentence, 'the gift'.

महाफलम् (mahāphalam) - great fruit, great reward, immense benefit

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahāphala

mahāphala - great fruit, great reward, immense benefit

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+phala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• phala – fruit, result, reward, consequence
  noun (neuter)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'dattam'.

सहस्रगुणम् (sahasraguṇam) - a thousandfold, a thousand times

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sahasra+guṇa)

• sahasra – a thousand
  numeral (neuter)
• guṇa – fold, multiple, quality
  noun (masculine)

Note: Functions adverbially to modify the verb 'āpnoti'.

आप्नोति (āpnoti) - obtains, achieves, reaches

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of āp

present active indicative

Root āp with augment nu (5th class)

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: The verb for 'pradāyakaḥ'.

गुणार्हाय (guṇārhāya) - to one worthy of virtue/merit, to a deserving person

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of guṇārha

guṇārha - worthy of merit, deserving of virtue, meritorious

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (guṇa+arha)

• guṇa – quality, virtue, attribute, merit
  noun (masculine)
• arha – deserving, worthy, fit
  adjective (masculine)
  From root arh (to deserve)
  Root: arh (class 1)

Note: The person to whom the giving occurs.

प्रदायकः (pradāyakaḥ) - giver, donor

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pradāyaka

pradāyaka - giver, donor, bestower

Agent Noun

From root dā (to give) with prefix pra and suffix aka

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: The subject of 'āpnoti'.