महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-23, verse-36

साङ्गांश्च चतुरो वेदान्योऽधीयीत द्विजर्षभः ।
षड्भ्यो निवृत्तः कर्मभ्यस्तं पात्रमृषयो विदुः ॥३६॥

36. sāṅgāṁśca caturo vedānyo'dhīyīta dvijarṣabhaḥ ,
ṣaḍbhyo nivṛttaḥ karmabhyastaṁ pātramṛṣayo viduḥ.

36. sāṅgān ca caturaḥ vedān yaḥ adhīyīta dvijarṣabhaḥ
ṣaḍbhyaḥ nivṛttaḥ karmabhyaḥ tam pātram ṛṣayaḥ viduḥ

36. And that best of brahmins who studies the four Vedas along with their auxiliary branches, and who has turned away from (attachment to) the six traditional brahminical duties—him, the sages know to be a worthy recipient.

Words meanings summery:

• साङ्गान् (sāṅgān) - referring to the Vedas with their six Vedāṅgas (auxiliary sciences) (with their auxiliary branches, along with the Angas)

• च (ca) - and, also

• चतुरः (caturaḥ) - four

• वेदान् (vedān) - the Vedas

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• अधीयीत (adhīyīta) - studies (implying diligent or regular study) (may study, should study, studies)

• द्विजर्षभः (dvijarṣabhaḥ) - best of brahmins, foremost among the twice-born

• षड्भ्यः (ṣaḍbhyaḥ) - from the six traditional Brahminical duties/activities (from the six)

• निवृत्तः (nivṛttaḥ) - abstaining from (attachment to) the performance of duties (turned away, abstaining, ceased from, retired)

• कर्मभ्यः (karmabhyaḥ) - from the six traditional Brahminical duties (karma): studying, teaching, performing Vedic rituals, officiating Vedic rituals, giving, and receiving (from actions, from duties)

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• पात्रम् (pātram) - a worthy recipient (of reverence, gifts, etc.) (worthy recipient, vessel, container)

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand

Words meanings and morphology

साङ्गान् (sāṅgān) - referring to the Vedas with their six Vedāṅgas (auxiliary sciences) (with their auxiliary branches, along with the Angas)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sāṅga

sāṅga - accompanied by its parts/members, with its auxiliaries

Compound formed with 'sa' (with) and 'aṅga' (limb, part, auxiliary)

Compound type : sahā-bahuvrīhi (sa+aṅga)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating accompaniment
• aṅga – limb, body part, auxiliary branch, constituent
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'vedān'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

Note: Connects 'sāṅgān' with 'caturah vedān'.

चतुरः (caturaḥ) - four

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'vedān'.

वेदान् (vedān) - the Vedas

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of veda

veda - knowledge, sacred knowledge, Veda (the four principal texts of Hindu scripture: Rigveda, Yajurveda, Samaveda, Atharvaveda)

From √vid (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Object of 'adhīyīta'.

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Relative pronoun

Note: Subject of 'adhīyīta'.

अधीयीत (adhīyīta) - studies (implying diligent or regular study) (may study, should study, studies)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (liṅ) of √ī

optative mood, 3rd person singular, middle voice

From adhi + √i. The root 'i' often takes 'ī' in specific conjugations. The optative indicates potential or desirability.

Prefix: adhi

Root: i (class 2)

द्विजर्षभः (dvijarṣabhaḥ) - best of brahmins, foremost among the twice-born

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvijarṣabha

dvijarṣabha - chief of brahmins, best of the twice-born

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (dvija+ṛṣabha)

• dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), bird, tooth
  noun (masculine)
  From dvi (two) + √jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief, excellent
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the implied relative clause, coreferential with 'yaḥ'.

षड्भ्यः (ṣaḍbhyaḥ) - from the six traditional Brahminical duties/activities (from the six)

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'karmabhyaḥ'.

निवृत्तः (nivṛttaḥ) - abstaining from (attachment to) the performance of duties (turned away, abstaining, ceased from, retired)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nivṛtta

nivṛtta - turned back, ceased, abstaining from, retired, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

From ni + √vṛt (to turn, exist) + kta (PPP suffix)

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

कर्मभ्यः (karmabhyaḥ) - from the six traditional Brahminical duties (karma): studying, teaching, performing Vedic rituals, officiating Vedic rituals, giving, and receiving (from actions, from duties)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, plural of karman

karman - action, deed, duty, ritual, work

From √kṛ (to do) + manin suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Governed by 'nivṛttaḥ'.

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, it

Demonstrative pronoun, correlative to 'yaḥ'

Note: Object of 'viduḥ'.

पात्रम् (pātram) - a worthy recipient (of reverence, gifts, etc.) (worthy recipient, vessel, container)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pātra

pātra - worthy recipient, vessel, container, deserving person

From √pā (to protect, drink) + tra (suffix indicating instrument/place)

Root: pā (class 1)

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet, a Vedic or Puranic Rishi

From √ṛṣ (to go, move, flow)

Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'viduḥ'.

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of √vid

perfect tense, 3rd person plural, active voice

Irregular perfect tense form from √vid (often used with a present sense)

Root: vid (class 2)