महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-23, verse-29

अधिकारे यदनृतं राजगामि च पैशुनम् ।
गुरोश्चालीककरणं समं तद्ब्रह्महत्यया ॥२९॥

29. adhikāre yadanṛtaṁ rājagāmi ca paiśunam ,
guroścālīkakaraṇaṁ samaṁ tadbrahmahatyayā.

29. adhikāre yat anṛtam rājagāmi ca paiśunam
guroḥ ca alīkakaraṇam samam tat brahmahatyayā

29. yat anṛtam adhikāre ca rājagāmi paiśunam ca
guroḥ alīkakaraṇam tat brahmahatyayā samam

29. Speaking falsehoods while in a position of authority, slandering someone to the king, and falsely accusing one's preceptor (guru) – these are actions equivalent to the killing of a brahmin.

Words meanings summery:

• अधिकारे (adhikāre) - in authority, in office, in charge, in jurisdiction

• यत् (yat) - which, that which, whatsoever

• अनृतम् (anṛtam) - untruth, falsehood, lie, not right

• राजगामि (rājagāmi) - malicious report reaching the king (going to the king, reaching the king, connected with the king)

• च (ca) - and, also

• पैशुनम् (paiśunam) - slander, malicious report, backbiting, treachery

• गुरोः (guroḥ) - of the teacher, of the preceptor, of the (guru)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अलीककरणम् (alīkakaraṇam) - false accusation, act of falsehood, deception

• समम् (samam) - equal, similar, same, impartial

• तत् (tat) - that, this

• ब्रह्महत्यया (brahmahatyayā) - with the killing of a brahmin, by the murder of a brahmin

Words meanings and morphology

अधिकारे (adhikāre) - in authority, in office, in charge, in jurisdiction

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of adhikāra

adhikāra - authority, jurisdiction, office, charge, right

From adhi + root kṛ (to do, to make) + ghañ (masculine agent noun suffix)

Prefix: adhi

Root: kṛ (class 8)

यत् (yat) - which, that which, whatsoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, that which, whatsoever

Indeclinable form of ya

Note: Can also be an indeclinable 'that'. Here, functioning as a relative pronoun subject.

अनृतम् (anṛtam) - untruth, falsehood, lie, not right

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anṛta

anṛta - untruth, falsehood, lie, not right

na (not) + ṛta (truth, right)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (na+ṛta)

• na – not, no
  indeclinable
• ṛta – truth, right, cosmic order
  noun (neuter)

राजगामि (rājagāmi) - malicious report reaching the king (going to the king, reaching the king, connected with the king)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rājagāmin

rājagāmin - going to the king, reaching the king, connected with the king

rājan (king) + gāmin (going, moving, from root gam + ṇini)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+gāmin)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• gāmin – going, moving, leading to
  adjective (masculine)
  From root gam (to go) + suffix ṇini
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies paiśunam

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पैशुनम् (paiśunam) - slander, malicious report, backbiting, treachery

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of paiśuna

paiśuna - slander, malicious report, backbiting, treachery

Derived from piśuna (slanderer, malicious) + ṣyañ (abstract noun suffix)

गुरोः (guroḥ) - of the teacher, of the preceptor, of the (guru)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, preceptor, spiritual guide, heavy, important

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अलीककरणम् (alīkakaraṇam) - false accusation, act of falsehood, deception

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of alīkakaraṇa

alīkakaraṇa - false accusation, act of falsehood, deception

alīka (false) + karaṇa (doing, making, act)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (alīka+karaṇa)

• alīka – false, untrue, fictitious
  adjective (neuter)
• karaṇa – doing, making, act, instrument
  noun (neuter)
  From root kṛ (to do) + lyuṭ suffix
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

समम् (samam) - equal, similar, same, impartial

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sama

sama - equal, similar, same, impartial

Note: Agrees with tat

तत् (tat) - that, this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Refers to the collective actions described.

ब्रह्महत्यया (brahmahatyayā) - with the killing of a brahmin, by the murder of a brahmin

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of brahmahatyā

brahmahatyā - killing of a brahmin, murder of a brahmin (a grave sin)

brahman (brahmin) + hatyā (killing)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (brahman+hatyā)

• brahman – brahmin, priest, the Absolute
  noun (masculine)
• hatyā – killing, murder
  noun (feminine)
  From root han (to strike, kill) + suffix kyap (feminine abstract noun)
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used with samam to indicate equality.