महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-139, verse-21

गले गृहीत्वा क्षिप्तोऽस्मि वरुणेन महामुने ।
न प्रयच्छति ते भार्यां यत्ते कार्यं कुरुष्व तत् ॥२१॥

21. gale gṛhītvā kṣipto'smi varuṇena mahāmune ,
na prayacchati te bhāryāṁ yatte kāryaṁ kuruṣva tat.

21. gale gṛhītvā kṣiptaḥ asmi varuṇena mahāmune na
prayacchati te bhāryām yat te kāryam kuruṣva tat

21. mahāmune varuṇena gale gṛhītvā kṣiptaḥ asmi te bhāryām na prayacchati yat te kāryam tat kuruṣva.

21. O great sage, Varuna seized me by the neck and threw me out. He will not release your wife. Therefore, whatever you need to do, accomplish that.

Words meanings summery:

• गले (gale) - by the neck (referring to being seized) (in the neck, by the neck)

• गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having seized, having grasped

• क्षिप्तः (kṣiptaḥ) - thrown, cast

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• वरुणेन (varuṇena) - by Varuna

• महामुने (mahāmune) - O great sage (addressing Angiras) (O great sage)

• न (na) - not, no

• प्रयच्छति (prayacchati) - he releases, he returns (with 'na', he does not release) (he gives, he offers)

• ते (te) - your (wife) (your, to you)

• भार्याम् (bhāryām) - wife

• यत् (yat) - which, what, whatever

• ते (te) - your (task) (your, to you)

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - work, duty, task

• कुरुष्व (kuruṣva) - do, perform

• तत् (tat) - that (task) (that, that (thing))

Words meanings and morphology

गले (gale) - by the neck (referring to being seized) (in the neck, by the neck)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of gala

gala - neck, throat

गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having seized, having grasped

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root √grah (to seize, grasp) with suffix -tvā

Root: grah (class 9)

क्षिप्तः (kṣiptaḥ) - thrown, cast

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣipta

kṣipta - thrown, cast, sent

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √kṣip (to throw) with suffix -ta

Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: Used predicatively with 'asmi' to form the passive past tense 'I was thrown'.

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

Root: as (class 2)

वरुणेन (varuṇena) - by Varuna

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of varuṇa

varuṇa - Varuna (a Vedic deity, god of the celestial ocean, cosmic order, and justice)

Note: Agent of the action 'kṣiptaḥ asmi'.

महामुने (mahāmune) - O great sage (addressing Angiras) (O great sage)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāmuni

mahāmuni - great sage, great ascetic

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+muni)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• muni – sage, ascetic
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

प्रयच्छति (prayacchati) - he releases, he returns (with 'na', he does not release) (he gives, he offers)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of yam

Prefix: pra

Root: yam (class 1)

ते (te) - your (wife) (your, to you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Can also be dative singular.

भार्याम् (bhāryām) - wife

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife, she who is to be supported

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Derived from root √bhṛ (to bear, support) with suffix -ya + feminine ending ā

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'prayacchati'.

यत् (yat) - which, what, whatever

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whoever, whatever

Note: Used here in the sense of 'whatever'.

ते (te) - your (task) (your, to you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Can also be dative singular.

कार्यम् (kāryam) - work, duty, task

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - work, duty, task, action to be done

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Derived from root √kṛ (to do, make) with suffix -ya

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कुरुष्व (kuruṣva) - do, perform

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तत् (tat) - that (task) (that, that (thing))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'kāryam' (the task mentioned).