महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-9, verse-24

न जिजीविषुवत्किंचिन्न मुमूर्षुवदाचरन् ।
जीवितं मरणं चैव नाभिनन्दन्न च द्विषन् ॥२४॥

24. na jijīviṣuvatkiṁcinna mumūrṣuvadācaran ,
jīvitaṁ maraṇaṁ caiva nābhinandanna ca dviṣan.

24. na jijīviṣuvat kiṃcit na mumūrṣuvat ācaran
jīvitam maraṇam ca eva na abhinandan na ca dviṣan

24. na kiṃcit jijīviṣuvat ācaran na mumūrṣuvat ācaran
jīvitam ca eva na abhinandan maraṇam ca na dviṣan

24. Neither acting like one who wishes to live, nor like one who wishes to die; neither welcoming life nor hating death.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• जिजीविषुवत् (jijīviṣuvat) - like one wishing to live, like one desirous of living

• किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything, somewhat, at all

• न (na) - not, no

• मुमूर्षुवत् (mumūrṣuvat) - like one wishing to die, like one desirous of dying

• आचरन् (ācaran) - behaving, acting, conducting

• जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life, state of living

• मरणम् (maraṇam) - death, dying

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• न (na) - not, no

• अभिनन्दन् (abhinandan) - rejoicing in, welcoming, approving

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and

• द्विषन् (dviṣan) - hating, disliking

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

जिजीविषुवत् (jijīviṣuvat) - like one wishing to live, like one desirous of living

(indeclinable)

Desiderative stem + u affix

From √jīv (to live) with desiderative suffix -sa + u affix.

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: The suffix -vat makes it adverbial, meaning 'like'.

किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything, somewhat, at all

(indeclinable)

Note: Here used to emphasize the negation, 'not at all'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

मुमूर्षुवत् (mumūrṣuvat) - like one wishing to die, like one desirous of dying

(indeclinable)

Desiderative stem + u affix

From √mṛ (to die) with desiderative suffix -sa + u affix, reduplication m > mu.

Root: mṛ (class 2)

Note: The suffix -vat makes it adverbial, meaning 'like'.

आचरन् (ācaran) - behaving, acting, conducting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ācarat

ācarat - behaving, acting, doing

Present Active Participle

From √car (to move, behave) with prefix ā- and present participle suffix -śatṛ.

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Refers to the implied subject (e.g., a yogi or jñānī).

जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life, state of living

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, living, means of livelihood

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

From √jīv (to live) with suffix -ta.

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Object of 'abhinandan'.

मरणम् (maraṇam) - death, dying

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of maraṇa

maraṇa - death, dying, passing away

Action noun

From √mṛ (to die) with suffix -ana.

Root: mṛ (class 2)

Note: Object of 'abhinandan'/'dviṣan'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'jīvitam' and 'maraṇam'.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding terms.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अभिनन्दन् (abhinandan) - rejoicing in, welcoming, approving

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhinandat

abhinandat - rejoicing, welcoming, approving, delighting in

Present Active Participle

From √nand (to rejoice) with prefix abhi-.

Prefix: abhi

Root: nand (class 1)

Note: Refers to the implied subject.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

द्विषन् (dviṣan) - hating, disliking

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dviṣat

dviṣat - hating, disliking, inimical

Present Active Participle

From √dviṣ (to hate) with present participle suffix -śatṛ.

Root: dviṣ (class 2)

Note: Refers to the implied subject.