महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-76, verse-7

यदधीते यद्यजते यद्ददाति यदर्चति ।
राजा चतुर्थभाक्तस्य प्रजा धर्मेण पालयन् ॥७॥

7. yadadhīte yadyajate yaddadāti yadarcati ,
rājā caturthabhāktasya prajā dharmeṇa pālayan.

7. yat adhīte yat yajate yat dadāti yat arcati
rājā caturthabhāk tasya prajāḥ dharmeṇa pālayan

7. rājā prajāḥ dharmeṇa pālayan yat adhīte yat
yajate yat dadāti yat arcati tasya caturthabhāk

7. The king, while protecting his subjects in accordance with natural law (dharma), receives a fourth share of whatever (merit) he studies, sacrifices, gives, or worships.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - whatever (merit) (which, what)

• अधीते (adhīte) - he studies, he learns

• यत् (yat) - whatever (merit) (which, what)

• यजते (yajate) - he sacrifices, he worships

• यत् (yat) - whatever (merit) (which, what)

• ददाति (dadāti) - he gives

• यत् (yat) - whatever (merit) (which, what)

• अर्चति (arcati) - he honors, he worships, he praises

• राजा (rājā) - king

• चतुर्थभाक् (caturthabhāk) - sharing a fourth part, having a fourth share

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (sum of merits) (of that, of him)

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - people, subjects (subjects, people, offspring)

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - in accordance with natural law (dharma) (by natural law, by righteousness, justly)

• पालयन् (pālayan) - protecting, ruling (protecting, guarding, ruling)

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - whatever (merit) (which, what)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what

अधीते (adhīte) - he studies, he learns

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of i

Present indicative, 3rd person singular

Root i, 2nd conjugation, Ātmanepada, present tense, with prefix adhi.

Prefix: adhi

Root: i (class 2)

यत् (yat) - whatever (merit) (which, what)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what

यजते (yajate) - he sacrifices, he worships

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of yaj

Present indicative, 3rd person singular

Root yaj, 1st conjugation, Ātmanepada, present tense.

Root: yaj (class 1)

यत् (yat) - whatever (merit) (which, what)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what

ददाति (dadāti) - he gives

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of dā

Present indicative, 3rd person singular

Root dā, 3rd conjugation, Parasmaipada, present tense.

Root: dā (class 3)

यत् (yat) - whatever (merit) (which, what)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what

अर्चति (arcati) - he honors, he worships, he praises

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of arc

Present indicative, 3rd person singular

Root arc, 1st conjugation, Parasmaipada, present tense.

Root: arc (class 1)

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

चतुर्थभाक् (caturthabhāk) - sharing a fourth part, having a fourth share

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of caturthabhāj

caturthabhāj - sharing a fourth part, entitled to a fourth share

Compound of caturtha (fourth) and bhāj (sharing, from root bhaj 'to share'). The final 'j' becomes 'k' in word-final position.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (caturtha+bhāj)

• caturtha – fourth, a fourth part
  numeral adjective (neuter)
• bhāj – sharing, partaking; a share, portion
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhaj.
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with rājā.

तस्य (tasya) - of that (sum of merits) (of that, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - people, subjects (subjects, people, offspring)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - offspring, progeny, people, subjects, creation

From root jan with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Object of pālayan.

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - in accordance with natural law (dharma) (by natural law, by righteousness, justly)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, constitution, order

From root dhṛ 'to uphold, sustain'.

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Manner in which the king protects.

पालयन् (pālayan) - protecting, ruling (protecting, guarding, ruling)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pālayat

pālayat - protecting, guarding, ruling

Present Active Participle

Derived from root pāl 'to protect', a denominative from pāla 'protector'. The participle stem is pālayat, nominative singular masculine is pālayan.

Root: pāl (class 10)

Note: Describes the king (rājā) while he performs these actions.