महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-76, verse-15

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
नाहं राज्यसुखान्वेषी राज्यमिच्छाम्यपि क्षणम् ।
धर्मार्थं रोचये राज्यं धर्मश्चात्र न विद्यते ॥१५॥

15. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
nāhaṁ rājyasukhānveṣī rājyamicchāmyapi kṣaṇam ,
dharmārthaṁ rocaye rājyaṁ dharmaścātra na vidyate.

15. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca na aham
rājyasukhanveṣī rājyam icchāmi api
kṣaṇam dharmārtham rocaye
rājyam dharmaḥ ca atra na vidyate

15. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca.
aham rājyasukhanveṣī na,
rājyam api kṣaṇam na icchāmi.
dharmārtham rājyam rocaye.
ca atra dharmaḥ na vidyate

15. Yudhishthira said: "I am not one who seeks the pleasures of a kingdom, nor do I desire a kingdom (rājyam) even for a moment. I would approve of a kingdom (rājyam) only for the sake of natural law (dharma), but here, natural law (dharma) is not found."

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (Yudhishthira (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• राज्यसुखन्वेषी (rājyasukhanveṣī) - one who seeks the pleasures of a kingdom (seeking royal pleasures)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom (rājyam) (kingdom, sovereignty)

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I desire (I desire, I wish)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• क्षणम् (kṣaṇam) - for a moment (moment, instant, leisure)

• धर्मार्थम् (dharmārtham) - for the sake of natural law (dharma) (for the sake of dharma, for righteousness)

• रोचये (rocaye) - I would approve of (I like, I approve of, I delight in)

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom (rājyam) (kingdom, sovereignty)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, duty, righteousness)

• च (ca) - but (and, also)

• अत्र (atra) - here (here, in this place)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• विद्यते (vidyate) - is not found (exists, is found)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (Yudhishthira (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - firm in battle, Yudhishthira (eldest Pandava brother)

Compound type : aluk tatpurusha (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle (locative of yudh)
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of yudh
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Root vac, perfect tense form.

Root: vac (class 2)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject.

राज्यसुखन्वेषी (rājyasukhanveṣī) - one who seeks the pleasures of a kingdom (seeking royal pleasures)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājyasukhanveṣin

rājyasukhanveṣin - seeking the pleasures of sovereignty

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājya+sukha+anveṣin)

• rājya – kingdom, sovereignty
  noun (neuter)
• sukha – pleasure, happiness, comfort
  noun (neuter)
• anveṣin – seeker, investigator
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  From root iṣ (to seek) with prefix anu-
  Prefix: anu
  Root: iṣ (class 4)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'aham'.

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom (rājyam) (kingdom, sovereignty)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, dominion

Note: Object of 'icchāmi'.

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I desire (I desire, I wish)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Present Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Root iṣ, class 6.

Root: iṣ (class 6)

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Intensifies 'kṣaṇam'.

क्षणम् (kṣaṇam) - for a moment (moment, instant, leisure)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣaṇa

kṣaṇa - moment, instant, leisure, festival

Note: Adverbial accusative.

धर्मार्थम् (dharmārtham) - for the sake of natural law (dharma) (for the sake of dharma, for righteousness)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+artha)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, goal, sake
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adverbial.

रोचये (rocaye) - I would approve of (I like, I approve of, I delight in)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ruc

Present Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular (ātmanepada, meaning 'to like' or 'to delight in')

Root ruc, class 1, ātmanepada, often implies 'something pleases me'.

Root: ruc (class 1)

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom (rājyam) (kingdom, sovereignty)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, dominion

Note: Object of 'rocaye'.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'vidyate'.

च (ca) - but (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अत्र (atra) - here (here, in this place)

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the current situation or kingdom.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

विद्यते (vidyate) - is not found (exists, is found)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vid

Present Middle Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

From root vid, class 4, ātmanepada meaning 'to exist'. (Not from class 2 'to know')

Root: vid (class 4)