महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-76, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
यया वृत्त्या महीपालो विवर्धयति मानवान् ।
पुण्यांश्च लोकाञ्जयति तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
yayā vṛttyā mahīpālo vivardhayati mānavān ,
puṇyāṁśca lokāñjayati tanme brūhi pitāmaha.

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca yayā vṛttyā mahīpālaḥ vivardhayati
mānavān puṇyān ca lokān jayati tat me brūhi pitāmaha

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca pitāmaha yayā vṛttyā mahīpālaḥ
mānavān vivardhayati ca puṇyān lokān jayati tat me brūhi

1. Yudhiṣṭhira said: "O Grandfather, please tell me by what conduct a king causes human beings to prosper and thereby attains meritorious worlds."

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava brother)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• यया (yayā) - by which, with which

• वृत्त्या (vṛttyā) - by conduct, by means, by livelihood

• महीपालः (mahīpālaḥ) - king, protector of the earth

• विवर्धयति (vivardhayati) - causes to prosper, increases, nourishes

• मानवान् (mānavān) - human beings, mankind

• पुण्यान् (puṇyān) - meritorious, virtuous, auspicious (worlds)

• च (ca) - and

• लोकान् (lokān) - worlds

• जयति (jayati) - conquers, wins

• तत् (tat) - that, this

• मे (me) - to me

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak

• पितामह (pitāmaha) - Addressing Bhīṣma as grandfather (O Grandfather)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava brother)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira; firm in battle

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

root 'vac' in perfect 3rd singular active

Root: vac (class 2)

यया (yayā) - by which, with which

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, what

वृत्त्या (vṛttyā) - by conduct, by means, by livelihood

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vṛtti

vṛtti - conduct, course of action, livelihood, profession, state

Root: vṛt (class 1)

महीपालः (mahīpālaḥ) - king, protector of the earth

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahīpāla

mahīpāla - king, protector of the earth

compound of mahī and pāla

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+pāla)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pāla – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pāl (class 10)

विवर्धयति (vivardhayati) - causes to prosper, increases, nourishes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of vivṛdh

Causative Present Active

root 'vṛdh' with prefix 'vi', causative, present 3rd singular active

Prefix: vi

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

मानवान् (mānavān) - human beings, mankind

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mānava

mānava - human, descendant of Manu

पुण्यान् (puṇyān) - meritorious, virtuous, auspicious (worlds)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of puṇya

puṇya - meritorious, virtuous, auspicious, holy, good deed

Note: modifies 'lokān'

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

लोकान् (lokān) - worlds

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people

जयति (jayati) - conquers, wins

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of ji

Present Active

root 'ji' in present 3rd singular active

Root: ji (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that, this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

मे (me) - to me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Imperative Active

root 'brū' in imperative 2nd singular active

Root: brū (class 2)

पितामह (pitāmaha) - Addressing Bhīṣma as grandfather (O Grandfather)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - grandfather (father's father), Brahmā