महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-72, verse-20

मालाकारोपमो राजन्भव माङ्गारिकोपमः ।
तथा युक्तश्चिरं राष्ट्रं भोक्तुं शक्यसि पालयन् ॥२०॥

20. mālākāropamo rājanbhava māṅgārikopamaḥ ,
tathā yuktaściraṁ rāṣṭraṁ bhoktuṁ śakyasi pālayan.

20. mālākāropamaḥ rājan bhava mā aṅgārikopamaḥ tathā
yuktaḥ ciram rāṣṭram bhoktum śakyasi pālayan

20. rājan mālākāropamaḥ bhava mā aṅgārikopamaḥ tathā
yuktaḥ pālayan rāṣṭram ciram bhoktum śakyasi

20. O King, be like a garland-maker, not like a charcoal-burner. If you act in this way, you will be able to govern (bhuj) the kingdom for a long time while protecting it.

Words meanings summery:

• मालाकारोपमः (mālākāropamaḥ) - like a garland-maker (who collects flowers carefully without destroying the plant) (like a garland-maker, comparable to a florist)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (addressed directly) (O King)

• भव (bhava) - be (like) (be, become, exist)

• मा (mā) - do not (not, do not (prohibitive))

• अङ्गारिकोपमः (aṅgārikopamaḥ) - like a charcoal-burner (who destroys the tree to get charcoal) (like a charcoal-burner)

• तथा (tathā) - in this way (referring to the previous advice) (thus, so, in that manner)

• युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - diligent, properly engaged (in duty) (joined, endowed with, diligent, fit, proper, absorbed in (yoga))

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time (for a long time, long)

• राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - the kingdom (kingdom, nation, realm)

• भोक्तुम् (bhoktum) - to govern, to rule over, to enjoy the produce of (to enjoy, to govern, to consume)

• शक्यसि (śakyasi) - you will be able to (you are able, you can)

• पालयन् (pālayan) - protecting, governing (protecting, guarding, governing, nourishing)

Words meanings and morphology

मालाकारोपमः (mālākāropamaḥ) - like a garland-maker (who collects flowers carefully without destroying the plant) (like a garland-maker, comparable to a florist)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mālākāropama

mālākāropama - like a garland-maker

Compound type : tatpurusha (mālākāra+upama)

• mālākāra – garland-maker, florist
  noun (masculine)
• upama – likeness, comparison, similar to
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with implied subject 'you' (rājan)

राजन् (rājan) - O King (addressed directly) (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

भव (bhava) - be (like) (be, become, exist)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of bhū

Present active 2nd singular imperative

from root bhū, class 1, 2nd singular active imperative

Root: bhū (class 1)

मा (mā) - do not (not, do not (prohibitive))

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with an imperative (bhava) to form a prohibition

अङ्गारिकोपमः (aṅgārikopamaḥ) - like a charcoal-burner (who destroys the tree to get charcoal) (like a charcoal-burner)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṅgārikopama

aṅgārikopama - like a charcoal-burner

Compound type : tatpurusha (aṅgārika+upama)

• aṅgārika – charcoal-burner
  noun (masculine)
• upama – likeness, comparison, similar to
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with implied subject 'you' (rājan)

तथा (tathā) - in this way (referring to the previous advice) (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - diligent, properly engaged (in duty) (joined, endowed with, diligent, fit, proper, absorbed in (yoga))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, connected, endowed with, fit, proper, diligent, absorbed (in yoga)

Past Passive Participle

from root yuj + kta

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with implied subject 'you'

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time (for a long time, long)

(indeclinable)

adverbial form of cira

Note: Modifies 'bhoktum śakyasi'

राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - the kingdom (kingdom, nation, realm)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rāṣṭra

rāṣṭra - kingdom, nation, realm, empire; country, dominion

Note: Object of 'bhoktum' and 'pālayan'

भोक्तुम् (bhoktum) - to govern, to rule over, to enjoy the produce of (to enjoy, to govern, to consume)

(verb)

Infinitive

from root bhuj + tumun suffix

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Used with 'śakyasi'

शक्यसि (śakyasi) - you will be able to (you are able, you can)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śak

Present active 2nd singular

from root śak, class 5, 2nd singular active

Root: śak (class 5)

पालयन् (pālayan) - protecting, governing (protecting, guarding, governing, nourishing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pālayat

pālayat - protecting, guarding, governing, nourishing

Present Active Participle

from causative of root pā + śatṛ suffix

Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with implied subject 'you' and acts adverbially