महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-72, verse-15

अर्थमूलोऽपहिंसां च कुरुते स्वयमात्मनः ।
करैरशास्त्रदृष्टैर्हि मोहात्संपीडयन्प्रजाः ॥१५॥

15. arthamūlo'pahiṁsāṁ ca kurute svayamātmanaḥ ,
karairaśāstradṛṣṭairhi mohātsaṁpīḍayanprajāḥ.

15. arthamūlaḥ apahiṃsām ca kurute svayam ātmanaḥ
karaiḥ aśāstradṛṣṭaiḥ hi mohāt saṃpīḍayan prajāḥ

15. arthamūlaḥ (san) ca svayam ātmanaḥ apahiṃsām kurute
hi mohāt aśāstradṛṣṭaiḥ karaiḥ prajāḥ saṃpīḍayan

15. Being rooted in material gain, he himself inflicts harm (hiṃsā) upon his own self (ātman), for by oppressing the subjects (prajāḥ) out of delusion (moha) with taxes (karaiḥ) that are not sanctioned by the scriptures.

Words meanings summery:

• अर्थमूलः (arthamūlaḥ) - The king, being driven by material gain. (having wealth as root/basis, intent on wealth, avaricious)

• अपहिंसाम् (apahiṁsām) - Violence or harm (hiṃsā) inflicted. (harm, injury)

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• कुरुते (kurute) - He inflicts (harm). (he does, he makes, he performs, he inflicts)

• स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, by oneself, personally

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - Upon his own self (ātman). (of oneself, of the self (ātman), upon oneself)

• करैः (karaiḥ) - By means of taxes. (by taxes, by hands)

• अशास्त्रदृष्टैः (aśāstradṛṣṭaiḥ) - By taxes not prescribed by the scriptures. (by those not seen/sanctioned by scriptures, uncanonical)

• हि (hi) - For (it is by this means he inflicts harm). (indeed, surely, for, because)

• मोहात् (mohāt) - from delusion, out of ignorance

• संपीडयन् (saṁpīḍayan) - Oppressing (the subjects). (oppressing, tormenting, harassing)

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - The people under his rule. (subjects, people, progeny)

Words meanings and morphology

अर्थमूलः (arthamūlaḥ) - The king, being driven by material gain. (having wealth as root/basis, intent on wealth, avaricious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arthamūla

arthamūla - having wealth as its root or origin, rooted in material gain

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (artha+mūla)

• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, material gain
  noun (masculine)
• mūla – root, origin, basis
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the implied king.

अपहिंसाम् (apahiṁsām) - Violence or harm (hiṃsā) inflicted. (harm, injury)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of apahiṃsā

apahiṁsā - harm, injury, violence

Compound of 'apa' (bad, away from) and 'hiṃsā' (violence), or sometimes interpreted as 'na ahiṃsā' (not non-violence, i.e., violence).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (apa+hiṃsā)

• apa – away, off, bad
  indeclinable
• hiṃsā – injury, harm, violence
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root hiṃs (to injure)
  Root: hiṃs (class 7)

Note: Refers to the act of causing harm.

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

कुरुते (kurute) - He inflicts (harm). (he does, he makes, he performs, he inflicts)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of kṛ

present indicative

Root verb (8th class), middle voice form

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to the king.

स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, by oneself, personally

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the agent performing the action on himself.

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - Upon his own self (ātman). (of oneself, of the self (ātman), upon oneself)

(noun)

masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, ego, person

Root: an (class 2)

Note: Used reflexively, referring to the king's own self.

करैः (karaiḥ) - By means of taxes. (by taxes, by hands)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kara

kara - hand, ray, tax, tribute

Derived from root kṛ (to do, make), hence 'that which is made' or 'instrument of making'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अशास्त्रदृष्टैः (aśāstradṛṣṭaiḥ) - By taxes not prescribed by the scriptures. (by those not seen/sanctioned by scriptures, uncanonical)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of aśāstradṛṣṭa

aśāstradṛṣṭa - not seen in the scriptures, not sanctioned by law, unlawful

Compound of 'a' (not) and 'śāstradṛṣṭa' (seen/sanctioned by scriptures).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śāstradṛṣṭa)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• śāstradṛṣṭa – seen in the scriptures, sanctioned by law
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Compound: śāstra (scripture) + dṛṣṭa (seen). 'dṛṣṭa' is PPP of dṛś (to see).
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'karaiḥ'.

हि (hi) - For (it is by this means he inflicts harm). (indeed, surely, for, because)

(indeclinable)

मोहात् (mohāt) - from delusion, out of ignorance

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of moha

moha - delusion, illusion, infatuation, ignorance

Derived from root muh (to be bewildered)

Root: muh (class 4)

संपीडयन् (saṁpīḍayan) - Oppressing (the subjects). (oppressing, tormenting, harassing)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃpīḍayat

saṁpīḍayat - oppressing, tormenting, causing pain

present active participle

From prefix sam- + root pīḍ (to oppress)

Prefix: sam

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Refers to the king, in nominative singular, describing his action.

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - The people under his rule. (subjects, people, progeny)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - progeny, offspring, people, subjects, creation

Derived from pra-jan (to generate, produce)

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Object of 'saṃpīḍayan'.