महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-72, verse-2

भीष्म उवाच ।
समासेनैव ते तात धर्मान्वक्ष्यामि निश्चितान् ।
विस्तरेण हि धर्माणां न जात्वन्तमवाप्नुयात् ॥२॥

2. bhīṣma uvāca ,
samāsenaiva te tāta dharmānvakṣyāmi niścitān ,
vistareṇa hi dharmāṇāṁ na jātvantamavāpnuyāt.

2. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca | samāsena eva te tāta dharmān vakṣyāmi
niścitān | vistareṇa hi dharmāṇām na jātu antam avāpnuyāt

2. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca tāta,
te samāsena eva niścitān dharmān vakṣyāmi hi vistareṇa dharmāṇām antam na jātu avāpnuyāt

2. Bhishma said: O son, I will explain to you the definite (dharma) concisely. For no one can ever fully comprehend or explain the intrinsic nature (dharma) in detail.

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - The patriarch Bhishma (Bhishma)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• समासेन (samāsena) - concisely, briefly, by abbreviation

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, just

• ते (te) - to you, for you

• तात (tāta) - O son (term of endearment, usually by elder to younger) (O son, O dear one, O father)

• धर्मान् (dharmān) - the principles (dharma) (natural laws, duties, principles)

• वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I will speak, I will explain

• निश्चितान् (niścitān) - definite (principles) (definite, ascertained, certain, resolved)

• विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, extensively, at length

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• धर्माणाम् (dharmāṇām) - of the intrinsic nature (dharma), or principles (of the duties, of the natural laws, of the principles)

• न (na) - not, no

• जातु (jātu) - ever, at any time

• अन्तम् (antam) - end, limit, boundary

• अवाप्नुयात् (avāpnuyāt) - one may comprehend/reach the end of (one may attain, one may reach)

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - The patriarch Bhishma (Bhishma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a character in the Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

समासेन (samāsena) - concisely, briefly, by abbreviation

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of samāsa

samāsa - compendium, summary, abbreviation

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: as (class 4)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only, just

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - to you, for you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Alternate for dative singular 'tubhyam'

तात (tāta) - O son (term of endearment, usually by elder to younger) (O son, O dear one, O father)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father; son; a term of endearment

धर्मान् (dharmān) - the principles (dharma) (natural laws, duties, principles)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, religious ordinance

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I will speak, I will explain

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

निश्चितान् (niścitān) - definite (principles) (definite, ascertained, certain, resolved)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of niścita

niścita - definite, ascertained, certain, resolved

Past Passive Participle

From ni + √ci 'to gather, observe'

Prefix: ni

Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'dharmān'

विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, extensively, at length

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vistara

vistara - extension, elaboration, detail

Prefix: vi

Root: stṛ (class 6)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

धर्माणाम् (dharmāṇām) - of the intrinsic nature (dharma), or principles (of the duties, of the natural laws, of the principles)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, religious ordinance

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

जातु (jātu) - ever, at any time

(indeclinable)

अन्तम् (antam) - end, limit, boundary

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anta

anta - end, limit, boundary, conclusion

अवाप्नुयात् (avāpnuyāt) - one may comprehend/reach the end of (one may attain, one may reach)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of āp

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)