महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-72, verse-19

दोग्धि धान्यं हिरण्यं च प्रजा राज्ञि सुरक्षिता ।
नित्यं स्वेभ्यः परेभ्यश्च तृप्ता माता यथा पयः ॥१९॥

19. dogdhi dhānyaṁ hiraṇyaṁ ca prajā rājñi surakṣitā ,
nityaṁ svebhyaḥ parebhyaśca tṛptā mātā yathā payaḥ.

19. dogdhi dhānyam hiraṇyam ca prajā rājñi surakṣitā
nityam svebhyaḥ parebhyaḥ ca tṛptā mātā yathā payaḥ

19. prajā rājñi surakṣitā nityam dhānyam hiraṇyam ca
dogdhi yathā tṛptā mātā svebhyaḥ parebhyaḥ ca payaḥ

19. When subjects (prajā) are well-protected by the king, they constantly yield grain and gold, just as a contented mother (mātā) freely gives milk to her own children and to others.

Words meanings summery:

• दोग्धि (dogdhi) - yields, produces (like milking a cow) (milks, yields, draws forth)

• धान्यम् (dhānyam) - grain, agricultural produce (grain, corn, produce of the field)

• हिरण्यम् (hiraṇyam) - gold and other forms of wealth (gold, wealth, money)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• प्रजा (prajā) - the king's subjects or citizens (subjects, people, offspring, progeny)

• राज्ञि (rājñi) - under the king's governance/protection (in/on/among the king; pertaining to the king)

• सुरक्षिता (surakṣitā) - well-protected (well-protected, well-guarded)

• नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly (constantly, perpetually, always)

• स्वेभ्यः (svebhyaḥ) - to/for one's own (children) (to/for/from one's own people/relatives/belongings)

• परेभ्यः (parebhyaḥ) - to/for others (not her own children) (to/for/from others, strangers, enemies)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तृप्ता (tṛptā) - contented (satisfied, contented, satiated)

• माता (mātā) - mother

• यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, like, in which way)

• पयः (payaḥ) - milk (milk, water)

Words meanings and morphology

दोग्धि (dogdhi) - yields, produces (like milking a cow) (milks, yields, draws forth)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of duh

Present active 3rd singular

from root duh, class 2, present stem dugdh-, 3rd singular active

Root: duh (class 2)

धान्यम् (dhānyam) - grain, agricultural produce (grain, corn, produce of the field)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhānya

dhānya - grain, corn, cereal, wealth of corn

Note: Object of 'dogdhi'

हिरण्यम् (hiraṇyam) - gold and other forms of wealth (gold, wealth, money)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hiraṇya

hiraṇya - gold, wealth, treasure, money

Note: Object of 'dogdhi'

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'dhānyam' and 'hiraṇyam'

प्रजा (prajā) - the king's subjects or citizens (subjects, people, offspring, progeny)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prajā

prajā - offspring, progeny, people, subjects, creatures

from pra- + jan 'to be born'

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'dogdhi'

राज्ञि (rājñi) - under the king's governance/protection (in/on/among the king; pertaining to the king)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Indicates the agent or context of protection for 'prajā'

सुरक्षिता (surakṣitā) - well-protected (well-protected, well-guarded)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of surakṣita

surakṣita - well-protected, well-guarded, preserved

Past Passive Participle

from su- + rakṣ + kta (suffix for PPP)

Compound type : tatpurusha (su+rakṣita)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• rakṣita – protected, guarded
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root rakṣ + kta
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'prajā'

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly (constantly, perpetually, always)

(indeclinable)

adverbial form of nitya

स्वेभ्यः (svebhyaḥ) - to/for one's own (children) (to/for/from one's own people/relatives/belongings)

(pronoun)

masculine, plural of sva

sva - one's own, self, own people, wealth

Note: Here implies for 'her own (children)'

परेभ्यः (parebhyaḥ) - to/for others (not her own children) (to/for/from others, strangers, enemies)

(pronoun)

masculine, plural of para

para - other, another, supreme, distant, stranger, enemy

Note: Here implies for 'others (not her own children)'

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'svebhyaḥ' and 'parebhyaḥ'

तृप्ता (tṛptā) - contented (satisfied, contented, satiated)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tṛpta

tṛpta - satisfied, contented, satiated, gratified

Past Passive Participle

from root tṛp + kta (suffix for PPP)

Root: tṛp (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'mātā'

माता (mātā) - mother

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

Note: Subject of the simile

यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, like, in which way)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces the simile

पयः (payaḥ) - milk (milk, water)

(noun)

neuter, singular of payas

payas - milk, water, fluid, strength

Note: Implied object of 'gives' in the simile