महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-193, verse-9

भीष्म उवाच ।
व्यवसायं तयोस्तत्र विदित्वा त्रिदशेश्वरः ।
सह देवैरुपययौ लोकपालैस्तथैव च ॥९॥

9. bhīṣma uvāca ,
vyavasāyaṁ tayostatra viditvā tridaśeśvaraḥ ,
saha devairupayayau lokapālaistathaiva ca.

9. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca vyavasāyam tayoḥ tatra viditvā
tridaśeśvaraḥ saha devaiḥ upayayau lokapālaiḥ tathā eva ca

9. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca tatra tayoḥ vyavasāyam viditvā
tridaśeśvaraḥ devaiḥ saha tathā eva ca lokapālaiḥ upayayau

9. Bhishma said: 'Having understood the determination (vyavasāya) of those two there, the lord of the gods (Indra), accompanied by the deities and likewise the guardians of the world, approached.'

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• व्यवसायम् (vyavasāyam) - the firm resolve or steadfastness of the King and the Brahmin (determination, resolve, enterprise)

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - of the King and the Brahmin (of those two)

• तत्र (tatra) - at the place where the King and Brahmin were (there, in that place)

• विदित्वा (viditvā) - after becoming aware of their firm resolve (having known, having understood)

• त्रिदशेश्वरः (tridaśeśvaraḥ) - Indra, the chief of the gods (lord of the thirty gods (Indra))

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods, with the gods

• उपययौ (upayayau) - approached, came near, came to

• लोकपालैः (lokapālaiḥ) - the cosmic protectors, often associated with directions (by the guardians of the world, with the guardians of the world)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• एव (eva) - emphasizes 'likewise' (indeed, just, only)

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (a prominent character in the Mahābhārata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

व्यवसायम् (vyavasāyam) - the firm resolve or steadfastness of the King and the Brahmin (determination, resolve, enterprise)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vyavasāya

vyavasāya - determination, resolve, effort, undertaking, enterprise

Derived from root 'sā' (to accomplish) with prefixes 'vi' and 'ava'.

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: sā (class 4)

तयोः (tayoḥ) - of the King and the Brahmin (of those two)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

तत्र (tatra) - at the place where the King and Brahmin were (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

विदित्वा (viditvā) - after becoming aware of their firm resolve (having known, having understood)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'vid' with suffix 'ktvā'.

Root: vid (class 2)

त्रिदशेश्वरः (tridaśeśvaraḥ) - Indra, the chief of the gods (lord of the thirty gods (Indra))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tridaśeśvara

tridaśeśvara - lord of the thirty gods (epithet of Indra)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tridaśa+īśvara)

• tridaśa – thirty gods, a deity
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, god
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs instrumental case (devaiḥ).

देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods, with the gods

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

उपययौ (upayayau) - approached, came near, came to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of upayā

Compound verb formed with prefix 'upa' and root 'i' (to go).

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

लोकपालैः (lokapālaiḥ) - the cosmic protectors, often associated with directions (by the guardians of the world, with the guardians of the world)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of lokapāla

lokapāla - guardian of the world, protector of a region/realm

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loka+pāla)

• loka – world, realm, people
  noun (masculine)
• pāla – protector, guardian, keeper
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pā (class 2)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - emphasizes 'likewise' (indeed, just, only)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)