महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-193, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
किमुत्तरं तदा तौ स्म चक्रतुस्तेन भाषिते ।
ब्राह्मणो वाथ वा राजा तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
kimuttaraṁ tadā tau sma cakratustena bhāṣite ,
brāhmaṇo vātha vā rājā tanme brūhi pitāmaha.

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca kim uttaram tadā tau sma cakratuḥ tena
bhāṣite brāhmaṇaḥ vā atha vā rājā tat me brūhi pitāmaha

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca: pitāmaha,
tena bhāṣite,
tadā tau kim uttaram cakratuḥ sma? brāhmaṇaḥ vā atha vā rājā? tat me brūhi.

1. Yudhishthira said: "What reply did those two (individuals) then give when he had spoken? Was it the Brahmin or the king who responded? Please tell me that, O grandfather."

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira, the eldest Pandava brother (Yudhishthira)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• किम् (kim) - what?

• उत्तरम् (uttaram) - reply, answer

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• तौ (tau) - the two individuals implied by the narrative (Brahmin and king) (those two (masculine))

• स्म (sma) - particle (indicating past action or emphasis)

• चक्रतुः (cakratuḥ) - they two gave (they two made, they two did)

• तेन (tena) - by the previously mentioned speaker (by him)

• भाषिते (bhāṣite) - when he had spoken (when spoken, in his speech)

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - the Brahmin

• वा (vā) - or, either

• अथ (atha) - then, moreover

• वा (vā) - or, alternatively

• राजा (rājā) - the king

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• मे (me) - to me, for me

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, say

• पितामह (pitāmaha) - Address to Bhishma by Yudhishthira. (O grandfather)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - Yudhishthira, the eldest Pandava brother (Yudhishthira)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (name of the eldest Pandava brother)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active Indicative (liṭ)

3rd person singular, Parasmaipada

Root: vac (class 2)

किम् (kim) - what?

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which, why, how

Note: Interrogative.

उत्तरम् (uttaram) - reply, answer

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttara

uttara - upper, subsequent, later, reply, answer

Prefix: ut

Root: tṝ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'cakratuḥ'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Suffix -dā to tad

तौ (tau) - the two individuals implied by the narrative (Brahmin and king) (those two (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Subject of 'cakratuḥ'. Refers to two previously mentioned individuals.

स्म (sma) - particle (indicating past action or emphasis)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with perfect 'cakratuḥ' here, indicating emphasis on the past action.

चक्रतुः (cakratuḥ) - they two gave (they two made, they two did)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, past perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Perfect Active Indicative (liṭ)

3rd person dual, Parasmaipada

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तेन (tena) - by the previously mentioned speaker (by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to the speaker whose speech is being discussed.

भाषिते (bhāṣite) - when he had spoken (when spoken, in his speech)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of bhāṣita

bhāṣita - spoken, said, speech, word

Past Passive Participle

From root bhāṣ

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Locative absolute, 'when he had spoken'.

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - the Brahmin

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class

Note: Part of the interrogative choice.

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

अथ (atha) - then, moreover

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or, alternatively

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - the king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Part of the interrogative choice.

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Object of 'brūhi'.

मे (me) - to me, for me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Me is an enclitic form of the dative/genitive for asmad.

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, say

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Imperative Active

2nd person singular, Parasmaipada, Class 2 (adādi)

Root: brū (class 2)

पितामह (pitāmaha) - Address to Bhishma by Yudhishthira. (O grandfather)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - grandfather (father's father)