महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-193, verse-28

ब्रह्मोवाच ।
महास्मृतिं पठेद्यस्तु तथैवानुस्मृतिं शुभाम् ।
तावप्येतेन विधिना गच्छेतां मत्सलोकताम् ॥२८॥

28. brahmovāca ,
mahāsmṛtiṁ paṭhedyastu tathaivānusmṛtiṁ śubhām ,
tāvapyetena vidhinā gacchetāṁ matsalokatām.

28. brahmā uvāca mahā-smṛtim paṭhet yaḥ tu tathā eva anu-smṛtim
śubhām tau api etena vidhinā gacche-tām mat-sa-lokatām

28. brahmā uvāca yaḥ tu mahā-smṛtim tathā eva śubhām anu-smṛtim
paṭhet tau api etena vidhinā mat-sa-lokatām gacche-tām

28. Brahma said: "Whoever recites the Mahāsmṛti and likewise the auspicious Anusmṛti, those two (individuals, by extension) shall also, by this very method, attain a common world with me (matsalokatām)."

Words meanings summery:

• ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahma (Brahma (the creator god))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

• महा-स्मृतिम् (mahā-smṛtim) - the Mahāsmṛti (text) (the great tradition, the great memory (name of a text))

• पठेत् (paṭhet) - whoever recites (he should read/recite, he may read/recite)

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, whoever (masculine nominative singular))

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, yet, on the other hand)

• तथा (tathā) - likewise (thus, so, in that manner, likewise)

• एव (eva) - indeed (only, just, indeed, precisely)

• अनु-स्मृतिम् (anu-smṛtim) - the Anusmṛti (text) (the Anusmṛti (text), subsequent tradition)

• शुभाम् (śubhām) - auspicious (auspicious, beautiful, pure)

• तौ (tau) - those two (individuals, by extension from `yaḥ`) (those two (masculine nominative dual))

• अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

• एतेन (etena) - by this (by this (masculine/neuter instrumental singular))

• विधिना (vidhinā) - by this method (by method, by rule, by prescribed manner)

• गच्छे-ताम् (gacche-tām) - these two shall also attain (they two should go, they two might go)

• मत्-स-लोकताम् (mat-sa-lokatām) - a common world with me (sālokatā) (the state of being in the same world as me, my world)

Words meanings and morphology

ब्रह्मा (brahmā) - Brahma (Brahma (the creator god))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - (masculine) Brahma (the creator god); (neuter) ultimate reality (brahman)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of √vac

perfect tense

3rd person singular perfect of `√vac` (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

महा-स्मृतिम् (mahā-smṛtim) - the Mahāsmṛti (text) (the great tradition, the great memory (name of a text))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahāsmṛti

mahāsmṛti - great tradition, great memory (likely a title of a sacred text or branch of knowledge)

Karmadhāraya compound: `mahā` (great) + `smṛti` (memory, tradition)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+smṛti)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
  feminine form of `mahat`
• smṛti – memory, recollection, tradition, sacred law (smṛti)
  noun (feminine)
  from `√smṛ` (to remember)
  Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of `paṭhet`.

पठेत् (paṭhet) - whoever recites (he should read/recite, he may read/recite)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative present (vidhiliṅ) of √paṭh

optative mood, present tense

3rd person singular optative of `√paṭh` (to read)

Root: paṭh (class 1)

Note: The subject is `yaḥ` (whoever).

यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, whoever (masculine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, whoever

Note: Subject of `paṭhet`.

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, yet, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - likewise (thus, so, in that manner, likewise)

(indeclinable)

from `tad` (that) + `thā` (manner suffix)

एव (eva) - indeed (only, just, indeed, precisely)

(indeclinable)

अनु-स्मृतिम् (anu-smṛtim) - the Anusmṛti (text) (the Anusmṛti (text), subsequent tradition)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of anusmṛti

anusmṛti - recollection, tradition, a specific text called Anusmṛti (subsequent memory/tradition)

Tatpurusha compound: `anu` (after, along) + `smṛti` (memory, tradition)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (anu+smṛti)

• anu – after, along, according to
  indeclinable
• smṛti – memory, recollection, tradition, sacred law (smṛti)
  noun (feminine)
  from `√smṛ` (to remember)
  Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of `paṭhet`.

शुभाम् (śubhām) - auspicious (auspicious, beautiful, pure)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śubhā

śubhā - auspicious, beautiful, bright, pure, fortunate

Feminine form of `śubha`

Root: śubh (class 1)

तौ (tau) - those two (individuals, by extension from `yaḥ`) (those two (masculine nominative dual))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the individual described by `yaḥ`, implied dual sense here (perhaps meaning 'both the reciter and the meditator' or just a dual pronoun for emphasis referring to the 'reciter' and 'yogin' from the previous verse, implying they get the same result if they recite *or* do *yoga*). Given the previous verse refers to two, and this refers to 'whoever recites', it is best understood as 'even he (and the other implied one) (tau)'.

अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

एतेन (etena) - by this (by this (masculine/neuter instrumental singular))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, these

विधिना (vidhinā) - by this method (by method, by rule, by prescribed manner)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vidhi

vidhi - rule, method, injunction, destiny, divine ordinance

from `vi-√dhā` (to place, arrange)

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

गच्छे-ताम् (gacche-tām) - these two shall also attain (they two should go, they two might go)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, optative present (vidhiliṅ) of √gam

optative mood, present tense

3rd person dual optative of `√gam` (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

मत्-स-लोकताम् (mat-sa-lokatām) - a common world with me (sālokatā) (the state of being in the same world as me, my world)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of matsalokatā

matsalokatā - the state of being in the same world as me/Brahma

Compound: `mat` (my/of me) + `sālokatā` (state of having the same world). `sālokatā` is from `sa` (with) + `loka` (world) + `tā` (state/abstract noun suffix).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mat+salokatā)

• asmad – I, me
  pronoun
  Genitive/ablative singular of `asmad`.
• salokatā – the state of being in the same world as, residing in the same realm
  noun (feminine)
  Compound: `sa` (with, together) + `loka` (world) + `tā` (abstract noun suffix)
  Prefix: sa

Note: Object of `gacchetām`.