महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-12, verse-6

अत्याश्रमानयं सर्वानित्याहुर्वेदनिश्चयाः ।
ब्राह्मणाः श्रुतिसंपन्नास्तान्निबोध जनाधिप ॥६॥

6. atyāśramānayaṁ sarvānityāhurvedaniścayāḥ ,
brāhmaṇāḥ śrutisaṁpannāstānnibodha janādhipa.

6. atyāśramān ayam sarvān iti āhuḥ vedaniścayāḥ |
brāhmaṇāḥ śrutisampannāḥ tān nibodha janādhip

6. janādhipa tān nibodha vedaniścayāḥ śrutisampannāḥ
brāhmaṇāḥ (hi) ayam sarvān atyāśramān iti āhuḥ

6. O lord of men (janādhipa), Brahmins who are resolute in their understanding of the Vedas and endowed with Vedic revelation declare that this (path) is for all who transcend the stages of life (āśrama). Therefore, understand them (these Brahmins and their teachings) well.

Words meanings summery:

• अत्याश्रमान् (atyāśramān) - referring to ascetics (sannyāsins) or those who have moved beyond the conventional four stages of life. (those who transcend the āśramas, those beyond the stages of life)

• अयम् (ayam) - referring to the subject of discussion, likely the path of dharma or karma from the wider context. (this, this one)

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - encompassing all individuals who are beyond the āśramas (all, everyone)

• इति (iti) - marks the end of a direct or indirect quotation, or a reported statement. (thus, so, this is what is said)

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - refers to the declaration made by the Brahmins. (they say, they declare)

• वेदनिश्चयाः (vedaniścayāḥ) - describing the Brahmins as having unwavering conviction in Vedic teachings. (those whose certainty is in the Vedas, firm in Vedic knowledge)

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - referring to learned and ritualistic Brahmins who are authorities on Vedic matters. (Brahmins, members of the priestly class)

• श्रुतिसम्पन्नाः (śrutisampannāḥ) - describing the Brahmins as having complete knowledge of the revealed scriptures (śruti). (endowed with Vedic revelation/knowledge, possessing sacred tradition)

• तान् (tān) - referring to the Brahmins and their teachings. (those (masculine plural))

• निबोध (nibodha) - pay attention to and comprehend their teachings/nature. (understand, perceive, know, learn)

• जनाधिप (janādhipa) - addressing the listener, a ruler. (O lord of men, O king)

Words meanings and morphology

अत्याश्रमान् (atyāśramān) - referring to ascetics (sannyāsins) or those who have moved beyond the conventional four stages of life. (those who transcend the āśramas, those beyond the stages of life)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of atyāśrama

atyāśrama - one who has gone beyond the āśramas, transcending the stages of life

From ati (beyond, exceedingly) + āśrama (stage of life).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (ati+āśrama)

• ati – beyond, over, excessively
  indeclinable
  Prefix.
• āśrama – hermitage, stage of life, order of life (āśrama)
  noun (masculine)
  From ā + √śram (to toil, exert).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śram (class 1)

Note: Predicate of the iti clause.

अयम् (ayam) - referring to the subject of discussion, likely the path of dharma or karma from the wider context. (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of the iti clause.

सर्वान् (sarvān) - encompassing all individuals who are beyond the āśramas (all, everyone)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

इति (iti) - marks the end of a direct or indirect quotation, or a reported statement. (thus, so, this is what is said)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

आहुः (āhuḥ) - refers to the declaration made by the Brahmins. (they say, they declare)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of √brū

Present, 3rd person plural, Paras.

Irregular present tense form of √brū or √ah.

Root: brū/ah (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the first clause.

वेदनिश्चयाः (vedaniścayāḥ) - describing the Brahmins as having unwavering conviction in Vedic teachings. (those whose certainty is in the Vedas, firm in Vedic knowledge)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vedaniścaya

vedaniścaya - firm in Vedic knowledge, certainty in the Vedas

Compound: veda (Veda) + niścaya (certainty, conviction).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (veda+niścaya)

• veda – sacred knowledge, Veda
  noun (masculine)
  From √vid (to know).
  Root: vid (class 2)
• niścaya – certainty, conviction, determination
  noun (masculine)
  From nis + √ci (to perceive, observe).
  Prefix: nis
  Root: ci (class 5)

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - referring to learned and ritualistic Brahmins who are authorities on Vedic matters. (Brahmins, members of the priestly class)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, relating to Brahman or the Vedas

From brahman (Vedic text/sacred power) + aṇ suffix.

Root: bṛh (class 1)

श्रुतिसम्पन्नाः (śrutisampannāḥ) - describing the Brahmins as having complete knowledge of the revealed scriptures (śruti). (endowed with Vedic revelation/knowledge, possessing sacred tradition)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śrutisampanna

śrutisampanna - endowed with Vedic revelation, possessing sacred tradition

Compound: śruti (Vedic revelation) + sampanna (endowed with, accomplished).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śruti+sampanna)

• śruti – hearing, sacred tradition, Vedic revelation
  noun (feminine)
  From √śru (to hear).
  Root: śru (class 5)
• sampanna – endowed with, accomplished, complete
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From sam + √pad (to go, fall) + kta suffix.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Functions as an adjective here.

तान् (tān) - referring to the Brahmins and their teachings. (those (masculine plural))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of nibodha.

निबोध (nibodha) - pay attention to and comprehend their teachings/nature. (understand, perceive, know, learn)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of √budh

Imperative, 2nd person singular, Paras.

From ni + √budh (class 1).

Prefix: ni

Root: budh (class 1)

जनाधिप (janādhipa) - addressing the listener, a ruler. (O lord of men, O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of janādhipa

janādhipa - lord of men, king, ruler

Compound: jana (men, people) + adhipa (lord, ruler).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jana+adhipa)

• jana – man, person, people, creature
  noun (masculine)
  From √jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master
  noun (masculine)
  From adhi + √pā (to protect).
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)