महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-12, verse-21

गृहस्थाश्रमिणस्तच्च यज्ञकर्म विरोधकम् ।
तस्माद्गार्हस्थ्यमेवेह दुष्करं दुर्लभं तथा ॥२१॥

21. gṛhasthāśramiṇastacca yajñakarma virodhakam ,
tasmādgārhasthyameveha duṣkaraṁ durlabhaṁ tathā.

21. gṛhastha-āśramiṇaḥ tat ca yajña-karma virodhakam
tasmāt gārhasthyam eva iha duṣkaram durlabham tathā

21. ca tat yajña-karma gṛhastha-āśramiṇaḥ virodhakam
tasmāt iha gārhasthyam eva duṣkaram tathā durlabham

21. And that act of Vedic ritual (yajña) is an obstruction for householders (gṛhastha). Therefore, the householder's stage of life (gārhasthya) is indeed difficult and likewise rare in this world.

Words meanings summery:

• गृहस्थ-आश्रमिणः (gṛhastha-āśramiṇaḥ) - for the householder

• तत् (tat) - referring to 'yajña-karma' (that)

• च (ca) - and, also

• यज्ञ-कर्म (yajña-karma) - sacrificial act, ritual

• विरोधकम् (virodhakam) - hindering, obstructive

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• गार्हस्थ्यम् (gārhasthyam) - householder's stage of life (āśrama) (householder's life, domestic life)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - difficult to do, hard

• दुर्लभम् (durlabham) - difficult to obtain, rare

• तथा (tathā) - likewise, similarly

Words meanings and morphology

गृहस्थ-आश्रमिणः (gṛhastha-āśramiṇaḥ) - for the householder

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of gṛhastha-āśramin

gṛhastha-āśramin - one observing the householder's stage of life (āśrama)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gṛhastha+āśramin)

• gṛhastha – householder, one who dwells in a house
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: gṛha
  Root: sthā (class 0)
• āśramin – one belonging to an āśrama, an ascetic, a householder
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from āśrama + -in

Note: Genitive case here implies 'for the householder' or 'of the householder'.

तत् (tat) - referring to 'yajña-karma' (that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

यज्ञ-कर्म (yajña-karma) - sacrificial act, ritual

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yajña-karma

yajña-karma - act of sacrifice, sacrificial ritual

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yajña+karma)

• yajña – sacrifice, worship, ritual
  noun (masculine)
  Root: yaj (class 0)
• karma – action, deed, ritual, work
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ

विरोधकम् (virodhakam) - hindering, obstructive

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of virodhaka

virodhaka - hindering, opposing, obstructive

Agent noun from vi-√rudh

Prefix: vi

Root: rudh (class 0)

Note: Qualifies 'yajña-karma'.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

ablative of 'tad' used as an adverb

गार्हस्थ्यम् (gārhasthyam) - householder's stage of life (āśrama) (householder's life, domestic life)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gārhasthya

gārhasthya - state of a householder, householder's life, domestic life

Derived from gṛhastha + -ya (suffix forming abstract nouns)

एव (eva) - indeed, only

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - difficult to do, hard

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duṣkara

duṣkara - difficult to do, hard, arduous

Gerundive

from dus- + √kṛ (to do)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dus+kara)

• dus – badly, ill, difficult
  indeclinable
  prefix indicating difficulty or badness
• kara – doing, making, producing
  adjective
  suffix from √kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 0)

Note: Qualifies 'gārhasthyam'.

दुर्लभम् (durlabham) - difficult to obtain, rare

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of durlabha

durlabha - difficult to obtain, rare, scarce

Gerundive

from dus- + √labh (to obtain)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dus+labha)

• dus – badly, ill, difficult
  indeclinable
  prefix indicating difficulty or badness
• labha – obtaining, acquiring
  adjective
  suffix from √labh (to obtain)
  Root: labh (class 0)

Note: Qualifies 'gārhasthyam'.

तथा (tathā) - likewise, similarly

(indeclinable)