महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-12, verse-16

शमो दमस्तपो दानं सत्यं शौचमथार्जवम् ।
यज्ञो धृतिश्च धर्मश्च नित्यमार्षो विधिः स्मृतः ॥१६॥

16. śamo damastapo dānaṁ satyaṁ śaucamathārjavam ,
yajño dhṛtiśca dharmaśca nityamārṣo vidhiḥ smṛtaḥ.

16. śamaḥ damaḥ tapaḥ dānam satyam śaucam atha ārjavam
yajñaḥ dhṛtiḥ ca dharmaḥ ca nityam ārṣaḥ vidhiḥ smṛtaḥ

16. śamaḥ damaḥ tapaḥ dānam satyam śaucam atha ārjavam
yajñaḥ dhṛtiḥ ca dharmaḥ ca nityam ārṣaḥ vidhiḥ smṛtaḥ

16. Mental tranquility, self-control, austerity (tapas), charity (dāna), truthfulness, purity, and straightforwardness; also Vedic ritual (yajña), fortitude, and natural law (dharma) — these are always remembered as the sacred method (vidhi) established by the sages.

Words meanings summery:

• शमः (śamaḥ) - tranquility, calmness, mental control

• दमः (damaḥ) - self-control, restraint (of senses)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance, spiritual discipline

• दानम् (dānam) - charity, giving, gift

• सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, truthfulness

• शौचम् (śaucam) - purity, cleanliness

• अथ (atha) - and (and, then, moreover)

• आर्जवम् (ārjavam) - straightforwardness, honesty, sincerity

• यज्ञः (yajñaḥ) - Vedic ritual, offering, worship

• धृतिः (dhṛtiḥ) - fortitude, steadfastness, firmness

• च (ca) - and, also

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty)

• च (ca) - and, also

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, eternally, constantly

• आर्षः (ārṣaḥ) - prescribed by sages, belonging to sages, ancient

• विधिः (vidhiḥ) - sacred method (rule, injunction, method, procedure)

• स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is remembered, is declared (to be) (remembered, declared, considered)

Words meanings and morphology

शमः (śamaḥ) - tranquility, calmness, mental control

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śama

śama - tranquility, calmness, mental control, quietude

From root √śam (to be calm, to cease).

Root: śam (class 4)

दमः (damaḥ) - self-control, restraint (of senses)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dama

dama - self-control, restraint, mastery (especially of senses)

From root √dam (to tame, control).

Root: dam (class 4)

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance, spiritual discipline

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, heat, spiritual discipline

From root √tap (to heat, to burn, to practice austerity).

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Followed by bracketed (tapas) in translation.

दानम् (dānam) - charity, giving, gift

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dāna

dāna - giving, gift, charity, liberality

From root √dā (to give).

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Followed by bracketed (dāna) in translation.

सत्यम् (satyam) - truth, truthfulness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, truthfulness, true

From sat (being, existence) + ya.

Root: as (class 2)

शौचम् (śaucam) - purity, cleanliness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śauca

śauca - purity, cleanliness, ritual purity

From śuci (pure).

Root: śuc (class 1)

अथ (atha) - and (and, then, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

आर्जवम् (ārjavam) - straightforwardness, honesty, sincerity

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ārjava

ārjava - straightforwardness, honesty, uprightness, sincerity

From ṛju (straight).

यज्ञः (yajñaḥ) - Vedic ritual, offering, worship

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yajña

yajña - Vedic ritual, offering, sacrifice, worship

From root √yaj (to worship, sacrifice).

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Followed by bracketed (yajña) in translation.

धृतिः (dhṛtiḥ) - fortitude, steadfastness, firmness

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dhṛti

dhṛti - fortitude, steadfastness, firmness, courage

From root √dhṛ (to hold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law (natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty, virtue, ethical conduct

From root √dhṛ (to hold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Followed by bracketed (dharma) in translation.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, eternally, constantly

(indeclinable)

From ni + √i (to go).

Prefix: ni

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Adverbial usage of neuter accusative singular.

आर्षः (ārṣaḥ) - prescribed by sages, belonging to sages, ancient

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ārṣa

ārṣa - belonging to or coming from ṛṣis (sages), sacred, Vedic, ancient

From ṛṣi (sage) with suffix -a.

विधिः (vidhiḥ) - sacred method (rule, injunction, method, procedure)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidhi

vidhi - rule, injunction, method, ceremony, destiny, procedure

From root √dhā (to place) with upasarga vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - is remembered, is declared (to be) (remembered, declared, considered)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, recollected, traditional, declared, considered

Past Passive Participle

From root √smṛ (to remember).

Root: smṛ (class 1)