महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-139, verse-30

भीम उवाच ।
सुखसुप्तान्वने भ्रातॄन्मातरं चैव राक्षसि ।
न भयाद्बोधयिष्यामि भ्रातुस्तव दुरात्मनः ॥३०॥

30. bhīma uvāca ,
sukhasuptānvane bhrātṝnmātaraṁ caiva rākṣasi ,
na bhayādbodhayiṣyāmi bhrātustava durātmanaḥ.

30. bhīmaḥ uvāca sukhasuptān vane bhrātṝn mātaram ca eva
rākṣasi na bhayāt bodhayiṣyāmi bhrātuḥ tava durātmanaḥ

30. Bhīma said: 'O demoness (rākṣasī), I will not awaken my brothers and mother, who are sleeping peacefully in the forest, out of fear of your evil-minded (durātman) brother.'

Words meanings summery:

• भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhīma (name of a Pandava prince), terrible, formidable

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• सुखसुप्तान् (sukhasuptān) - peacefully sleeping, comfortably asleep

• वने (vane) - in the forest, in a grove

• भ्रातॄन् (bhrātṝn) - brothers

• मातरम् (mātaram) - mother

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• राक्षसि (rākṣasi) - O demoness

• न (na) - not, no

• भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear, out of fear

• बोधयिष्यामि (bodhayiṣyāmi) - I will awaken, I will arouse

• भ्रातुः (bhrātuḥ) - of the brother

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• दुरात्मनः (durātmanaḥ) - of the evil-minded, of the wicked soul

Words meanings and morphology

भीमः (bhīmaḥ) - Bhīma (name of a Pandava prince), terrible, formidable

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (proper noun), formidable, terrible

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

सुखसुप्तान् (sukhasuptān) - peacefully sleeping, comfortably asleep

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sukhasupta

sukhasupta - sleeping soundly, peacefully asleep, comfortably sleeping

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sukha+supta)

• sukha – joy, pleasure, happiness, comfort
  noun (neuter)
• supta – asleep, sleeping, slept
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'svap' (to sleep)
  Root: svap (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'bhrātṝn'. By extension, applies to 'mātaram' in the sense of the whole group.

वने (vane) - in the forest, in a grove

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket

Note: Location where they are sleeping.

भ्रातॄन् (bhrātṝn) - brothers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Object of 'bodhayiṣyāmi'.

मातरम् (mātaram) - mother

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

Note: Object of 'bodhayiṣyāmi'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'bhrātṝn' and 'mātaram'.

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding word or phrase.

राक्षसि (rākṣasi) - O demoness

(noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of rākṣasī

rākṣasī - a female demon, demoness

Note: Addressing the demoness.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb 'bodhayiṣyāmi'.

भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear, out of fear

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, apprehension

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Indicates the reason for not awakening them.

बोधयिष्यामि (bodhayiṣyāmi) - I will awaken, I will arouse

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of budh

Causative verb

Causative stem from root 'budh' with future tense ending

Root: budh (class 1)

भ्रातुः (bhrātuḥ) - of the brother

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Possessive, referring to the demoness's brother.

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Possessive, modifies 'bhrātuḥ'.

दुरात्मनः (durātmanaḥ) - of the evil-minded, of the wicked soul

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of durātman

durātman - evil-minded, wicked, malicious, depraved (durātman)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dus+ātman)

• dus – bad, ill, difficult, hard
  indeclinable
  prefix
• ātman – self, soul, spirit (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'bhrātuḥ'.