महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-139, verse-3

ऊर्ध्वाङ्गुलिः स कण्डूयन्धुन्वन्रूक्षाञ्शिरोरुहान् ।
जृम्भमाणो महावक्त्रः पुनः पुनरवेक्ष्य च ॥३॥

3. ūrdhvāṅguliḥ sa kaṇḍūyandhunvanrūkṣāñśiroruhān ,
jṛmbhamāṇo mahāvaktraḥ punaḥ punaravekṣya ca.

3. ūrdhva aṅguliḥ saḥ kaṇḍūyan dhunvan rūkṣān śiroruhān
jṛmbhamāṇaḥ mahāvaktrḥ punaḥ punaḥ avekṣya ca

3. With upraised fingers, scratching and shaking his rough hair, he yawned with a wide mouth and looked again and again.

Words meanings summery:

• ऊर्ध्व (ūrdhva) - upraised, erect, upwards

• अङ्गुलिः (aṅguliḥ) - finger

• सः (saḥ) - he

• कण्डूयन् (kaṇḍūyan) - scratching

• धुन्वन् (dhunvan) - shaking, agitating

• रूक्षान् (rūkṣān) - rough, coarse

• शिरोरुहान् (śiroruhān) - hairs of the head, hair

• जृम्भमाणः (jṛmbhamāṇaḥ) - yawning

• महावक्त्र्ः (mahāvaktrḥ) - having a large mouth, wide-mouthed

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

• अवेक्ष्य (avekṣya) - having looked, after looking

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

ऊर्ध्व (ūrdhva) - upraised, erect, upwards

(adjective)

of ūrdhva

ūrdhva - up, upwards, raised, erect

Note: First part of the compound `ūrdhvāṅguliḥ`.

अङ्गुलिः (aṅguliḥ) - finger

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of aṅguli

aṅguli - finger, toe

Note: Forms `ūrdhvāṅguliḥ` (one whose fingers are upraised) - Bahuvrīhi compound.

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Hiḍimba.

कण्डूयन् (kaṇḍūyan) - scratching

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaṇḍūyat

kaṇḍūyat - scratching, itching

Present active participle

From root kaṇḍū (to scratch, to itch)

Root: kaṇḍū (class 10)

Note: Participle, acting as a verb modifier for Hiḍimba.

धुन्वन् (dhunvan) - shaking, agitating

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhunvat

dhunvat - shaking, agitating

Present active participle

From root dhū (to shake, agitate), present active participle

Root: dhū (class 5)

Note: Participle, acting as a verb modifier for Hiḍimba.

रूक्षान् (rūkṣān) - rough, coarse

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rūkṣa

rūkṣa - rough, harsh, dry, coarse

Note: Modifies `śiroruhān`.

शिरोरुहान् (śiroruhān) - hairs of the head, hair

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śiroruha

śiroruha - hair (growing on the head)

Compound: śiras (head) + ruha (growing)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śiras+ruha)

• śiras – head
  noun (neuter)
• ruha – growing, arising
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root ruh (to grow)
  Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: Object of `dhunvan`.

जृम्भमाणः (jṛmbhamāṇaḥ) - yawning

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jṛmbhamāṇa

jṛmbhamāṇa - yawning, stretching

Present middle participle

From root jṛmbh (to yawn, gape), present middle participle

Root: jṛmbh (class 1)

Note: Participle, acting as a verb modifier for Hiḍimba.

महावक्त्र्ः (mahāvaktrḥ) - having a large mouth, wide-mouthed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāvaktra

mahāvaktra - having a large mouth, wide-mouthed

Compound: mahā (great) + vaktra (mouth)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+vaktra)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• vaktra – mouth, face
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to Hiḍimba.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used in repetition `punaḥ punaḥ` (again and again).

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used in repetition `punaḥ punaḥ` (again and again).

अवेक्ष्य (avekṣya) - having looked, after looking

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root īkṣ (to see) with upasarga ava, followed by suffix -ya (after a prefix)

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)