महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-117, verse-25

चरता धर्मनित्येन वनवासं यशस्विना ।
एष पैतामहो वंशः पाण्डुना पुनरुद्धृतः ॥२५॥

25. caratā dharmanityena vanavāsaṁ yaśasvinā ,
eṣa paitāmaho vaṁśaḥ pāṇḍunā punaruddhṛtaḥ.

25. caratā dharma-nityena vana-vāsam yaśasvinā
eṣaḥ paitāmahaḥ vaṃśaḥ pāṇḍunā punar uddhṛtaḥ

25. While he (Pandu) was engaged in forest-dwelling, always adhering to his natural law (dharma) and gaining renown, this paternal lineage was thus revived by Pandu.

25. בעת שהתהלך ביער, מתמיד תמיד בדרך היושר, החזיר פָּאנְדוּ המהולל והקים מחדש את שושלת אבותיו.

Words meanings summery:

• चरता (caratā) - while living, while engaged (in forest dwelling) (moving, behaving, practicing, performing, dwelling)

• धर्म-नित्येन (dharma-nityena) - always adhering to natural law (dharma) (constantly devoted to dharma, always righteous)

• वन-वासम् (vana-vāsam) - (engaged in) forest-dwelling (forest dwelling, living in the forest)

• यशस्विना (yaśasvinā) - (by the) renowned one (famous, glorious, renowned)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (paternal lineage) (this)

• पैतामहः (paitāmahaḥ) - paternal (lineage) (paternal, ancestral, belonging to the grandfather)

• वंशः (vaṁśaḥ) - (this) lineage (lineage, family, race, bamboo)

• पाण्डुना (pāṇḍunā) - by King Pandu (by Pandu)

• पुनर् (punar) - again, thus (again, anew)

• उद्धृतः (uddhṛtaḥ) - was revived (lifted up, raised, revived, rescued)

Words meanings and morphology

चरता (caratā) - while living, while engaged (in forest dwelling) (moving, behaving, practicing, performing, dwelling)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of carat

carat - moving, walking, doing, practicing

Present Active Participle

Derived from verb car (to move, to go) with śatṛ suffix

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Pāṇḍu (instrumental singular pāṇḍunā).

धर्म-नित्येन (dharma-nityena) - always adhering to natural law (dharma) (constantly devoted to dharma, always righteous)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma-nitya

dharma-nitya - always devoted to dharma, constantly righteous

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+nitya)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, law, intrinsic nature, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• nitya – constant, eternal, always
  adjective

Note: Agrees with Pāṇḍu (instrumental singular pāṇḍunā).

वन-वासम् (vana-vāsam) - (engaged in) forest-dwelling (forest dwelling, living in the forest)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vana-vāsa

vana-vāsa - forest dwelling, living in the forest

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+vāsa)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• vāsa – dwelling, residence, living
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Object of the implied action of "caratā" (practicing, living).

यशस्विना (yaśasvinā) - (by the) renowned one (famous, glorious, renowned)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yaśasvin

yaśasvin - famous, glorious, renowned

suffixed with -vin

Note: Agrees with Pāṇḍu (instrumental singular pāṇḍunā).

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (paternal lineage) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Masculine singular nominative, demonstrative pronoun.

पैतामहः (paitāmahaḥ) - paternal (lineage) (paternal, ancestral, belonging to the grandfather)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paitāmaha

paitāmaha - paternal, ancestral, belonging to a grandfather

derived from pitāmaha (grandfather)

Note: Agrees with vaṃśaḥ.

वंशः (vaṁśaḥ) - (this) lineage (lineage, family, race, bamboo)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaṃśa

vaṁśa - lineage, race, family, dynasty, bamboo

Note: Subject of the sentence.

पाण्डुना (pāṇḍunā) - by King Pandu (by Pandu)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāṇḍu

pāṇḍu - Pāṇḍu (name of a king, father of the Pāṇḍavas)

Note: Agent of the passive verb uddhṛtaḥ.

पुनर् (punar) - again, thus (again, anew)

(indeclinable)

उद्धृतः (uddhṛtaḥ) - was revived (lifted up, raised, revived, rescued)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uddhṛta

uddhṛta - lifted up, raised, revived, rescued, extracted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dhṛ (to hold) with upasarga ud- (up)

Prefix: ud

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Masculine singular nominative, acting as a predicate adjective to vaṃśaḥ.

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