महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-117, verse-25

चरता धर्मनित्येन वनवासं यशस्विना ।
एष पैतामहो वंशः पाण्डुना पुनरुद्धृतः ॥२५॥

25. caratā dharmanityena vanavāsaṁ yaśasvinā ,
eṣa paitāmaho vaṁśaḥ pāṇḍunā punaruddhṛtaḥ.

25. caratā dharma-nityena vana-vāsam yaśasvinā
eṣaḥ paitāmahaḥ vaṃśaḥ pāṇḍunā punar uddhṛtaḥ

25. While he (Pandu) was engaged in forest-dwelling, always adhering to his natural law (dharma) and gaining renown, this paternal lineage was thus revived by Pandu.

Words meanings summery:

• चरता (caratā) - while living, while engaged (in forest dwelling) (moving, behaving, practicing, performing, dwelling)

• धर्म-नित्येन (dharma-nityena) - always adhering to natural law (dharma) (constantly devoted to dharma, always righteous)

• वन-वासम् (vana-vāsam) - (engaged in) forest-dwelling (forest dwelling, living in the forest)

• यशस्विना (yaśasvinā) - (by the) renowned one (famous, glorious, renowned)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (paternal lineage) (this)

• पैतामहः (paitāmahaḥ) - paternal (lineage) (paternal, ancestral, belonging to the grandfather)

• वंशः (vaṁśaḥ) - (this) lineage (lineage, family, race, bamboo)

• पाण्डुना (pāṇḍunā) - by King Pandu (by Pandu)

• पुनर् (punar) - again, thus (again, anew)

• उद्धृतः (uddhṛtaḥ) - was revived (lifted up, raised, revived, rescued)

Words meanings and morphology

चरता (caratā) - while living, while engaged (in forest dwelling) (moving, behaving, practicing, performing, dwelling)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of carat

carat - moving, walking, doing, practicing

Present Active Participle

Derived from verb car (to move, to go) with śatṛ suffix

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Pāṇḍu (instrumental singular pāṇḍunā).

धर्म-नित्येन (dharma-nityena) - always adhering to natural law (dharma) (constantly devoted to dharma, always righteous)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma-nitya

dharma-nitya - always devoted to dharma, constantly righteous

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+nitya)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, law, intrinsic nature, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• nitya – constant, eternal, always
  adjective

Note: Agrees with Pāṇḍu (instrumental singular pāṇḍunā).

वन-वासम् (vana-vāsam) - (engaged in) forest-dwelling (forest dwelling, living in the forest)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vana-vāsa

vana-vāsa - forest dwelling, living in the forest

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+vāsa)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• vāsa – dwelling, residence, living
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Object of the implied action of "caratā" (practicing, living).

यशस्विना (yaśasvinā) - (by the) renowned one (famous, glorious, renowned)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yaśasvin

yaśasvin - famous, glorious, renowned

suffixed with -vin

Note: Agrees with Pāṇḍu (instrumental singular pāṇḍunā).

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (paternal lineage) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Masculine singular nominative, demonstrative pronoun.

पैतामहः (paitāmahaḥ) - paternal (lineage) (paternal, ancestral, belonging to the grandfather)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paitāmaha

paitāmaha - paternal, ancestral, belonging to a grandfather

derived from pitāmaha (grandfather)

Note: Agrees with vaṃśaḥ.

वंशः (vaṁśaḥ) - (this) lineage (lineage, family, race, bamboo)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaṃśa

vaṁśa - lineage, race, family, dynasty, bamboo

Note: Subject of the sentence.

पाण्डुना (pāṇḍunā) - by King Pandu (by Pandu)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāṇḍu

pāṇḍu - Pāṇḍu (name of a king, father of the Pāṇḍavas)

Note: Agent of the passive verb uddhṛtaḥ.

पुनर् (punar) - again, thus (again, anew)

(indeclinable)

उद्धृतः (uddhṛtaḥ) - was revived (lifted up, raised, revived, rescued)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uddhṛta

uddhṛta - lifted up, raised, revived, rescued, extracted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dhṛ (to hold) with upasarga ud- (up)

Prefix: ud

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Masculine singular nominative, acting as a predicate adjective to vaṃśaḥ.