महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-117, verse-17

तथैव शिरसा भूमावभिवाद्य प्रणम्य च ।
उपोपविविशुः सर्वे पौरजानपदा अपि ॥१७॥

17. tathaiva śirasā bhūmāvabhivādya praṇamya ca ,
upopaviviśuḥ sarve paurajānapadā api.

17. tathā eva śirasā bhūmau abhivādya praṇamya
ca upopaviviśuḥ sarve paurajānapadāḥ api

17. In the same manner, having saluted and bowed down with their heads to the ground, all the city and country dwellers also sat down around them.

Words meanings summery:

• तथैव (tathaiva) - in the same way, just so

• शिरसा (śirasā) - with the head

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

• अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having saluted, having bowed to

• प्रणम्य (praṇamya) - having bowed down, having prostrated

• च (ca) - and, also

• उपोपविविशुः (upopaviviśuḥ) - they sat down near, they sat down around

• सर्वे (sarve) - all

• पौरजानपदाः (paurajānapadāḥ) - city and country dwellers

• अपि (api) - also, even

Words meanings and morphology

तथैव (tathaiva) - in the same way, just so

(indeclinable)

Note: Sandhi of tathā + eva.

शिरसा (śirasā) - with the head

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, top

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having saluted, having bowed to

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Derived from √vad 'to speak' with prefixes abhi- and ā-

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: vad (class 1)

प्रणम्य (praṇamya) - having bowed down, having prostrated

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Derived from √nam 'to bow' with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: nam (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

उपोपविविशुः (upopaviviśuḥ) - they sat down near, they sat down around

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of upopaviś

Perfect tense

Perfect 3rd plural of √viś 'to enter, sit' with prefixes upa- and upa- (reduplication for 'near')

Prefixes: upa+upa

Root: viś (class 6)

सर्वे (sarve) - all

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with paurajānapadāḥ.

पौरजानपदाः (paurajānapadāḥ) - city and country dwellers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paurajānapada

paurajānapada - citizen and countryman, people of the city and country

Compound type : dvandva (paura+jānapada)

• paura – citizen, city-dweller
  noun (masculine)
• jānapada – country-dweller, inhabitant of a district
  noun (masculine)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)