महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-117, verse-2

हित्वा राज्यं च राष्ट्रं च स महात्मा महातपाः ।
अस्मिन्स्थाने तपस्तप्तुं तापसाञ्शरणं गतः ॥२॥

2. hitvā rājyaṁ ca rāṣṭraṁ ca sa mahātmā mahātapāḥ ,
asminsthāne tapastaptuṁ tāpasāñśaraṇaṁ gataḥ.

2. hitvā rājyam ca rāṣṭram ca sa mahātmā mahātapaḥ
| asmin sthāne tapaḥ taptum tāpasān śaraṇam gataḥ

2. Having renounced both his kingdom and his realm, that great-souled (mahātmā) one, who practiced great austerity, came to this place and took refuge with the ascetics to perform (his) penance (tapas).

2. פָּאנְדוּ הגדול, בעל התרגול העצום, זנח את הממלכה ואת המדינה, ובא לחסות אצל בעלי העוצמה הרוחנית כדי לטפח כאן, במקום הזה, עוצמה רוחנית.

Words meanings summery:

• हित्वा (hitvā) - having abandoned, having left, having given up

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty

• च (ca) - and, also

• राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - realm, country, empire

• च (ca) - and, also

• स (sa) - Pāṇḍu (he, that)

• महात्मा (mahātmā) - King Pāṇḍu, who was great-souled (great-souled, noble)

• महातपः (mahātapaḥ) - King Pāṇḍu, who performed great penance (of great austerity, great ascetic)

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

• स्थाने (sthāne) - in place, in position

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance

• तप्तुम् (taptum) - to practice austerity (to practice (austerity), to heat, to burn)

• तापसान् (tāpasān) - to ascetics, to hermits

• शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge, protection

• गतः (gataḥ) - gone, resorted to, approached

Words meanings and morphology

हित्वा (hitvā) - having abandoned, having left, having given up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Formed with suffix -tvā from root hā (to abandon)

Root: hā (class 3)

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - realm, country, empire

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rāṣṭra

rāṣṭra - realm, country, empire

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

स (sa) - Pāṇḍu (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

महात्मा (mahātmā) - King Pāṇḍu, who was great-souled (great-souled, noble)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble (mahātmā)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective (masculine)
• ātman – soul, self, spirit (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adjectivally to describe Pāṇḍu.

महातपः (mahātapaḥ) - King Pāṇḍu, who performed great penance (of great austerity, great ascetic)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātapas

mahātapas - great austerity, great ascetic

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+tapas)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective (neuter)
• tapas – austerity, penance (tapas)
  noun (neuter)

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

स्थाने (sthāne) - in place, in position

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sthāna

sthāna - place, position, abode

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance (tapas), heat

तप्तुम् (taptum) - to practice austerity (to practice (austerity), to heat, to burn)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Formed with suffix -tum from root tap

Root: tap (class 1)

तापसान् (tāpasān) - to ascetics, to hermits

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tāpasa

tāpasa - ascetic, hermit

शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge, protection

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śaraṇa

śaraṇa - refuge, protection, shelter

गतः (gataḥ) - gone, resorted to, approached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, arrived, reached

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gam

Root: gam (class 1)

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