महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-117, verse-10

मुहूर्तोदित आदित्ये सर्वे धर्मपुरस्कृताः ।
सदारास्तापसान्द्रष्टुं निर्ययुः पुरवासिनः ॥१०॥

10. muhūrtodita āditye sarve dharmapuraskṛtāḥ ,
sadārāstāpasāndraṣṭuṁ niryayuḥ puravāsinaḥ.

10. muhūrta udite āditye sarve dharmapuraskṛtāḥ
sadārāḥ tāpasān draṣṭum niryayuḥ puravāsinaḥ

10. At sunrise, all the citizens, guided by their sense of natural law (dharma), accompanied by their wives, set out to see the ascetics.

Words meanings summery:

• मुहूर्त (muhūrta) - a moment, a short time

• उदिते (udite) - risen, appeared

• आदित्ये (āditye) - in the sun, when the sun

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• धर्मपुरस्कृताः (dharmapuraskṛtāḥ) - those who honor dharma, those for whom dharma is foremost, guided by natural law (dharma)

• सदाराः (sadārāḥ) - with wives, accompanied by wives

• तापसान् (tāpasān) - ascetics, hermits (accusative plural)

• द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to see, in order to see

• निर्ययुः (niryayuḥ) - they went out, they departed

• पुरवासिनः (puravāsinaḥ) - citizens, townspeople

Words meanings and morphology

मुहूर्त (muhūrta) - a moment, a short time

(noun)

masculine, singular of muhūrta

muhūrta - a moment, a specific division of time (48 minutes)

Note: First part of the compound `muhūrtodita`.

उदिते (udite) - risen, appeared

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of udita

udita - risen, appeared, said

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root `i` with prefix `ud`.

Prefix: ud

Root: i (class 2)

Note: PPP of `ud-i`.

आदित्ये (āditye) - in the sun, when the sun

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āditya

āditya - the sun, son of Aditi

Note: Forms a locative absolute construction with `muhūrtodite`.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Modifies `puravāsinaḥ`.

धर्मपुरस्कृताः (dharmapuraskṛtāḥ) - those who honor dharma, those for whom dharma is foremost, guided by natural law (dharma)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharmapuraskṛta

dharmapuraskṛta - honored by dharma, having dharma as foremost, guided by natural law

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dharma+puraskṛta)

• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• puraskṛta – placed in front, honored, revered
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From `puras` + `kṛ`
  Prefix: puras
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies `puravāsinaḥ`.

सदाराः (sadārāḥ) - with wives, accompanied by wives

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sadāra

sadāra - with one's wife, accompanied by wife

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+dārā)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• dārā – wife (plural form used for singular or collective)
  noun (masculine)
  Always plural for 'wife'

Note: Modifies `puravāsinaḥ`.

तापसान् (tāpasān) - ascetics, hermits (accusative plural)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tāpasa

tāpasa - ascetic, hermit

Derived from `tapas` (asceticism)

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Object of the infinitive `draṣṭum`.

द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to see, in order to see

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Formed with suffix -tum

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Expresses purpose.

निर्ययुः (niryayuḥ) - they went out, they departed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of niryā

Perfect active

3rd plural, active voice, perfect tense

Prefix: nir

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Root `yā` with prefix `nir`.

पुरवासिनः (puravāsinaḥ) - citizens, townspeople

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puravāsin

puravāsin - inhabitant of a city, citizen

Compound type : tatpurusha (pura+vāsin)

• pura – city, town
  noun (neuter)
• vāsin – dweller, resident
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from `vas` (to dwell)
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Subject of `niryayuḥ`.