महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-116, verse-28

तस्मान्मे सुतयोः कुन्ति वर्तितव्यं स्वपुत्रवत् ।
मां हि कामयमानोऽयं राजा प्रेतवशं गतः ॥२८॥

28. tasmānme sutayoḥ kunti vartitavyaṁ svaputravat ,
māṁ hi kāmayamāno'yaṁ rājā pretavaśaṁ gataḥ.

28. tasmāt me sutayoḥ kunti vartitavyam svaputravat
mām hi kāmayamānaḥ ayam rājā pretavaśam gataḥ

28. "Therefore, O Kunti, my two sons should be cared for like your own sons. For this king, desiring me (kāma), went under the sway of death."

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• मे (me) - my (Madri's) (my, to me)

• सुतयोः (sutayoḥ) - for my two sons (Nakula and Sahadeva) (of the two sons, for the two sons)

• कुन्ति (kunti) - O Kunti

• वर्तितव्यम् (vartitavyam) - is to be treated, must be maintained

• स्वपुत्रवत् (svaputravat) - like your own sons, as if they were one's own children

• माम् (mām) - me

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• कामयमानः (kāmayamānaḥ) - desiring, wishing

• अयम् (ayam) - this King Pāṇḍu (this (masculine))

• राजा (rājā) - King Pāṇḍu (king)

• प्रेतवशम् (pretavaśam) - to the power of a ghost/departed spirit, to the sway of death

• गतः (gataḥ) - went, reached

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

Demonstrative pronoun, neuter ablative singular, used adverbially

मे (me) - my (Madri's) (my, to me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun, genitive/dative singular (enclitic)

Note: Refers to Madri's sons.

सुतयोः (sutayoḥ) - for my two sons (Nakula and Sahadeva) (of the two sons, for the two sons)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, dual of suta

suta - son, offspring

Past Passive Participle

From √sū (to give birth)

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Dative case expressing 'for' or 'in respect to'.

कुन्ति (kunti) - O Kunti

(proper noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of kuntī

kuntī - Kunti (name of a princess, chief wife of Pāṇḍu)

Note: Addresses Kunti.

वर्तितव्यम् (vartitavyam) - is to be treated, must be maintained

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vartitavya

vartitavya - to be treated, to be maintained, to be caused to be

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

From √vṛt (to exist, be) with tavya suffix, neuter nominative singular

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Impersonal construction, 'it is to be done' or 'one must act'.

स्वपुत्रवत् (svaputravat) - like your own sons, as if they were one's own children

(indeclinable)

Compound of sva (own) and putra (son) + -vat (like)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (sva+putra)

• sva – own, oneself
  pronoun
  Reflexive pronoun
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Object of `kāmayamānaḥ`.

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

Particle of emphasis or cause

कामयमानः (kāmayamānaḥ) - desiring, wishing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāmayamāna

kāmayamāna - desiring, wishing, loving

Present Middle Participle

From causative of √kam (to desire) with śānac suffix, masculine nominative singular

Root: kam (class 1)

अयम् (ayam) - this King Pāṇḍu (this (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine nominative singular

राजा (rājā) - King Pāṇḍu (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of `gataḥ`.

प्रेतवशम् (pretavaśam) - to the power of a ghost/departed spirit, to the sway of death

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pretavaśa

pretavaśa - power of a preta (departed spirit/ghost), sway of death

Compound of preta (departed spirit) and vaśa (power)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (preta+vaśa)

• preta – departed, deceased, ghost
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From pra-i (to go forth)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: i (class 2)
• vaśa – power, control, will, sway
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vaś (class 2)

गतः (gataḥ) - went, reached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, gone to, reached

Past Passive Participle

From √gam (to go), masculine nominative singular

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Functions as the main verb 'went'.