महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-116, verse-19

ननु नाम त्वया माद्रि रक्षितव्यो जनाधिपः ।
सा कथं लोभितवती विजने त्वं नराधिपम् ॥१९॥

19. nanu nāma tvayā mādri rakṣitavyo janādhipaḥ ,
sā kathaṁ lobhitavatī vijane tvaṁ narādhipam.

19. nanu nāma tvayā mādri rakṣitavyaḥ janādhipaḥ
sā katham lobhitavatī vijane tvam narādhipam

19. Surely, O Madri, the lord of people ought to have been protected by you. How then did she entice the king in a solitary place?

Words meanings summery:

• ननु (nanu) - surely, indeed, is it not?

• नाम (nāma) - a particle of emphasis (indeed, forsooth, by name)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you (referring to Madri) (by you)

• माद्रि (mādri) - O Madri

• रक्षितव्यः (rakṣitavyaḥ) - to be protected, ought to be protected

• जनाधिपः (janādhipaḥ) - lord of people (referring to Pandu) (lord of people, king)

• सा (sā) - she (referring to Madri) (she)

• कथम् (katham) - how, why

• लोभितवती (lobhitavatī) - having tempted, having enticed

• विजने (vijane) - in a solitary place, in private

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (referring to Pandu, object of enticement) (you)

• नराधिपम् (narādhipam) - the king (referring to Pandu) (the king, the lord of men)

Words meanings and morphology

ननु (nanu) - surely, indeed, is it not?

(indeclinable)

नाम (nāma) - a particle of emphasis (indeed, forsooth, by name)

(indeclinable)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you (referring to Madri) (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

माद्रि (mādri) - O Madri

(proper noun)

Vocative, feminine, singular of mādrī

mādrī - Madri (name of a queen, wife of Pandu)

रक्षितव्यः (rakṣitavyaḥ) - to be protected, ought to be protected

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rakṣitavya

rakṣitavya - to be protected, ought to be guarded, fit to be protected

gerundive

from root rakṣ (to protect) + tavya

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

जनाधिपः (janādhipaḥ) - lord of people (referring to Pandu) (lord of people, king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janādhipa

janādhipa - lord of men, king, ruler of people

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (jana+adhipa)

• jana – people, person, individual
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, chief
  noun (masculine)

सा (sā) - she (referring to Madri) (she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कथम् (katham) - how, why

(indeclinable)

लोभितवती (lobhitavatī) - having tempted, having enticed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of lobhitavat

lobhitavat - having tempted, having enticed, having caused to desire

Past Active Participle

from causative of root lubh (to covet, desire) + tavat

Root: lubh (class 4)

विजने (vijane) - in a solitary place, in private

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vijana

vijana - deserted, solitary, unfrequented; a solitary place

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+jana)

• vi – without, apart, away
  indeclinable
• jana – people, person
  noun (masculine)

त्वम् (tvam) - you (referring to Pandu, object of enticement) (you)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

नराधिपम् (narādhipam) - the king (referring to Pandu) (the king, the lord of men)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - lord of men, king, sovereign

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, chief
  noun (masculine)