महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-116, verse-9

स तु कामपरीतात्मा तं शापं नान्वबुध्यत ।
माद्रीं मैथुनधर्मेण गच्छमानो बलादिव ॥९॥

9. sa tu kāmaparītātmā taṁ śāpaṁ nānvabudhyata ,
mādrīṁ maithunadharmeṇa gacchamāno balādiva.

9. saḥ tu kāmaparītātmā tam śāpam na anu abudhyata
mādrīm maithunadharmeṇa gaccha-mānaḥ balāt iva

9. But he, whose very being (ātman) was completely overwhelmed by (kāma) desire, did not understand that curse, even while he was uniting with Madri in the act of sexual intimacy (maithunadharma), as if driven by an irresistible force.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he; that one

• तु (tu) - but; indeed

• कामपरीतात्मा (kāmaparītātmā) - whose mind/self was overcome by desire

• तम् (tam) - that

• शापम् (śāpam) - curse

• न (na) - not

• अन्वबुध्यत (anvabudhyata) - understood; perceived; realized

• माद्रीम् (mādrīm) - Madri

• मैथुनधर्मेण (maithunadharmeṇa) - by the act of sexual union; by sexual intercourse

• गच्छ-मानः (gaccha-mānaḥ) - engaging; going (in the sense of engaging in an act)

• बलात् (balāt) - by force; forcibly; under compulsion

• इव (iva) - as if; like

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he; that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that; he; she; it

Note: Refers to Pandu.

तु (tu) - but; indeed

(indeclinable)

कामपरीतात्मा (kāmaparītātmā) - whose mind/self was overcome by desire

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāmaparītātman

kāmaparītātman - whose self is overcome by desire

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kāma+parīta+ātman)

• kāma – desire; love; lust
  noun (masculine)
• parīta – overcome; surrounded; afflicted
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From `pari` + root `i` (to go).
  Prefix: pari
  Root: i (class 2)
• ātman – self; soul; spirit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies `saḥ`.

तम् (tam) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that; he; she; it

Note: Refers to `śāpam`.

शापम् (śāpam) - curse

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śāpa

śāpa - curse; imprecation

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अन्वबुध्यत (anvabudhyata) - understood; perceived; realized

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of anubudh

Prefix: anu

Root: budh (class 4)

माद्रीम् (mādrīm) - Madri

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mādrī

mādrī - Madri (name of one of Pandu's wives)

मैथुनधर्मेण (maithunadharmeṇa) - by the act of sexual union; by sexual intercourse

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of maithunadharma

maithunadharma - sexual intercourse; act of coupling

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (maithuna+dharma)

• maithuna – copulation; sexual union
  noun (neuter)
• dharma – act; conduct; duty; rule; intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)

Note: Instrument of `gacchamānaḥ`.

गच्छ-मानः (gaccha-mānaḥ) - engaging; going (in the sense of engaging in an act)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gacchamāna

gacchamāna - going; moving; engaging in

Present Middle Participle

From root `gam` (to go) + `māna` suffix.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `saḥ`.

बलात् (balāt) - by force; forcibly; under compulsion

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - force; strength; power

Note: Used adverbially.

इव (iva) - as if; like

(indeclinable)