भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-4, verse-5
श्रीभगवानुवाच ।
बहूनि मे व्यतीतानि जन्मानि तव चार्जुन ।
तान्यहं वेद सर्वाणि न त्वं वेत्थ परंतप ॥५॥
बहूनि मे व्यतीतानि जन्मानि तव चार्जुन ।
तान्यहं वेद सर्वाणि न त्वं वेत्थ परंतप ॥५॥
5. śrībhagavānuvāca ,
bahūni me vyatītāni janmāni tava cārjuna ,
tānyahaṁ veda sarvāṇi na tvaṁ vettha paraṁtapa.
bahūni me vyatītāni janmāni tava cārjuna ,
tānyahaṁ veda sarvāṇi na tvaṁ vettha paraṁtapa.
5.
śrībhagavān uvāca | bahūni me vyatītāni janmāni tava ca
arjuna | tāni ahaṃ veda sarvāṇi na tvaṃ vettha paraṃtapa
arjuna | tāni ahaṃ veda sarvāṇi na tvaṃ vettha paraṃtapa
5.
śrībhagavān uvāca arjuna,
paraṃtapa,
me bahūni janmāni vyatītāni,
tava ca (janmāni vyatītāni).
ahaṃ tāni sarvāṇi veda,
tvaṃ na vettha.
paraṃtapa,
me bahūni janmāni vyatītāni,
tava ca (janmāni vyatītāni).
ahaṃ tāni sarvāṇi veda,
tvaṃ na vettha.
5.
The Blessed Lord said: "Many births of mine have passed, and yours as well, Arjuna. I know all of them, but you, O scorcher of foes, do not know them."
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- श्रीभगवान् (śrībhagavān) - the glorious Lord, the divine Lord
- उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
- बहूनि (bahūni) - many, numerous
- मे (me) - my, of me, to me
- व्यतीतानि (vyatītāni) - passed, gone by, elapsed
- जन्मानि (janmāni) - births, existences
- तव (tava) - your, of you
- च (ca) - and, also
- अर्जुन (arjuna) - O Arjuna
- तानि (tāni) - those
- अहं (ahaṁ) - I
- वेद (veda) - know
- सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all, whole, entire
- न (na) - not, no
- त्वं (tvaṁ) - you
- वेत्थ (vettha) - you know
- परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O scorcher of foes, O subduer of enemies
Words meanings and morphology
श्रीभगवान् (śrībhagavān) - the glorious Lord, the divine Lord
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śrībhagavat
śrībhagavat - the glorious Lord, the divine Lord, the Blessed Lord
Compound type : karmadhāraya (śrī+bhagavat)
- śrī – glory, prosperity, divine radiance
noun (feminine) - bhagavat – blessed, fortunate, divine, venerable, Lord
adjective (masculine)
Possessive suffix -vat from bhaga (fortune).
उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac
Root: vac (class 2)
बहूनि (bahūni) - many, numerous
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, plural of bahu
bahu - many, much, numerous
मे (me) - my, of me, to me
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of aham
aham - I
Note: Used as genitive 'my' here.
व्यतीतानि (vyatītāni) - passed, gone by, elapsed
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, plural of vyatīta
vyatīta - passed by, gone over, elapsed
Past Passive Participle
Formed from prefixes vi- + ati- + root i- (to go).
Prefixes: vi+ati
Root: i (class 2)
जन्मानि (janmāni) - births, existences
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, plural of janman
janman - birth, origin, existence
Root: jan (class 4)
तव (tava) - your, of you
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
अर्जुन (arjuna) - O Arjuna
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of arjuna
arjuna - Arjuna (proper name of Pandava prince)
तानि (tāni) - those
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of tad
tad - that, those
अहं (ahaṁ) - I
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of aham
aham - I
वेद (veda) - know
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of vid
Root: vid (class 2)
सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all, whole, entire
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of sarva
sarva - all, every, entire
न (na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
त्वं (tvaṁ) - you
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you
वेत्थ (vettha) - you know
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of vid
Root: vid (class 2)
परंतप (paraṁtapa) - O scorcher of foes, O subduer of enemies
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of paraṃtapa
paraṁtapa - scorcher of enemies, subduer of foes
From para (enemy) and tapa (one who causes pain/heat, tormentor).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+tapa)
- para – other, enemy, supreme
adjective - tapa – tormentor, scorcher, causing distress
noun (masculine)
From root tap (to heat, to torment).
Root: tap (class 1)