भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-4, verse-42
तस्मादज्ञानसंभूतं हृत्स्थं ज्ञानासिनात्मनः ।
छित्त्वैनं संशयं योगमातिष्ठोत्तिष्ठ भारत ॥४२॥
छित्त्वैनं संशयं योगमातिष्ठोत्तिष्ठ भारत ॥४२॥
42. tasmādajñānasaṁbhūtaṁ hṛtsthaṁ jñānāsinātmanaḥ ,
chittvainaṁ saṁśayaṁ yogamātiṣṭhottiṣṭha bhārata.
chittvainaṁ saṁśayaṁ yogamātiṣṭhottiṣṭha bhārata.
42.
tasmāt ajñāna-saṃbhūtam hṛt-stham jñāna-asinā ātmanaḥ
chittvā enam saṃśayam yogam ātiṣṭha uttiṣṭha bhārata
chittvā enam saṃśayam yogam ātiṣṭha uttiṣṭha bhārata
42.
bhārata tasmāt ātmanaḥ hṛt-stham ajñāna-saṃbhūtam enam
saṃśayam jñāna-asinā chittvā yogam ātiṣṭha uttiṣṭha
saṃśayam jñāna-asinā chittvā yogam ātiṣṭha uttiṣṭha
42.
Therefore, O Bhārata (Arjuna), having severed this doubt, born of ignorance and residing in your heart, with the sword of knowledge concerning the self (ātman), resort to the discipline (yoga) of action; arise!
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that
- अज्ञान-संभूतम् (ajñāna-saṁbhūtam) - born of ignorance, arisen from lack of knowledge
- हृत्-स्थम् (hṛt-stham) - residing in the heart, situated in the heart
- ज्ञान-असिना (jñāna-asinā) - with the sword of knowledge, by the wisdom-sword
- आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the self, of one's own self, concerning the self
- छित्त्वा (chittvā) - having cut, having severed, having dispelled
- एनम् (enam) - this, that
- संशयम् (saṁśayam) - doubt, uncertainty
- योगम् (yogam) - union, spiritual discipline, the discipline of action, yoga
- आतिष्ठ (ātiṣṭha) - resort to, be established in, undertake
- उत्तिष्ठ (uttiṣṭha) - stand up, arise, get up
- भारत (bhārata) - O Arjuna (O descendant of Bharata)
Words meanings and morphology
तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that
(indeclinable)
अज्ञान-संभूतम् (ajñāna-saṁbhūtam) - born of ignorance, arisen from lack of knowledge
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of ajñāna-saṃbhūta
ajñāna-saṁbhūta - born of ignorance
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ajñāna+saṃbhūta)
- ajñāna – ignorance, lack of knowledge, nescience
noun (neuter)
Prefix: a
Root: jñā (class 9) - saṃbhūta – born, produced, arisen, originated
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root 'bhū' with prefix 'sam'.
Prefix: sam
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Modifies 'saṃśayam'.
हृत्-स्थम् (hṛt-stham) - residing in the heart, situated in the heart
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of hṛt-stha
hṛt-stha - standing in the heart, residing in the heart
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hṛd+stha)
- hṛd – heart, mind, soul
noun (neuter) - stha – standing, staying, situated, residing
adjective (neuter)
Derived from root 'sthā'.
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Modifies 'saṃśayam'.
ज्ञान-असिना (jñāna-asinā) - with the sword of knowledge, by the wisdom-sword
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of jñāna-asi
jñāna-asi - sword of knowledge
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (jñāna+asi)
- jñāna – knowledge, wisdom, spiritual knowledge
noun (neuter)
Root: jñā (class 9) - asi – sword, scimitar
noun (masculine)
आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - of the self, of one's own self, concerning the self
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman
ātman - self, soul, spirit, individual soul
Root: an (class 2)
Note: Can also be ablative singular. Here it implies 'knowledge pertaining to the self'.
छित्त्वा (chittvā) - having cut, having severed, having dispelled
(indeclinable)
Absolutive / Gerund
Derived from root 'chid' with suffix '-tvā'.
Root: chid (class 7)
एनम् (enam) - this, that
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this, that (near speaker)
Note: Refers to 'saṃśayam'.
संशयम् (saṁśayam) - doubt, uncertainty
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya
saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty, suspicion
Prefix: sam
Root: śī (class 2)
योगम् (yogam) - union, spiritual discipline, the discipline of action, yoga
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of yoga
yoga - union, spiritual discipline, method, application, system of philosophy
Root: yuj (class 7)
आतिष्ठ (ātiṣṭha) - resort to, be established in, undertake
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of sthā
Imperative Active
Root 'sthā' with prefix 'ā'. 1st conjugation, Parasmaipada.
Prefix: ā
Root: sthā (class 1)
उत्तिष्ठ (uttiṣṭha) - stand up, arise, get up
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of sthā
Imperative Active
Root 'sthā' with prefix 'ud'. 1st conjugation, Parasmaipada.
Prefix: ud
Root: sthā (class 1)
भारत (bhārata) - O Arjuna (O descendant of Bharata)
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata
bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to India, Indian