भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-4, verse-17
कर्मणो ह्यपि बोद्धव्यं बोद्धव्यं च विकर्मणः ।
अकर्मणश्च बोद्धव्यं गहना कर्मणो गतिः ॥१७॥
अकर्मणश्च बोद्धव्यं गहना कर्मणो गतिः ॥१७॥
17. karmaṇo hyapi boddhavyaṁ boddhavyaṁ ca vikarmaṇaḥ ,
akarmaṇaśca boddhavyaṁ gahanā karmaṇo gatiḥ.
akarmaṇaśca boddhavyaṁ gahanā karmaṇo gatiḥ.
17.
karmaṇaḥ hi api boddhavyam boddhavyam ca vikarmaṇaḥ
| akarmaṇaḥ ca boddhavyam gahanā karmaṇaḥ gatiḥ
| akarmaṇaḥ ca boddhavyam gahanā karmaṇaḥ gatiḥ
17.
hi api karmaṇaḥ boddhavyam,
vikarmaṇaḥ ca boddhavyam,
akarmaṇaḥ ca boddhavyam.
karmaṇaḥ gatiḥ gahanā.
vikarmaṇaḥ ca boddhavyam,
akarmaṇaḥ ca boddhavyam.
karmaṇaḥ gatiḥ gahanā.
17.
Indeed, the true nature (gati) of action (karma) must be understood. One must also understand improper action (vikarma), and the nature of inaction (akarma). For the ways of action (karma) are profound.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- कर्मणः (karmaṇaḥ) - of action, of deed, of work
- हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because
- अपि (api) - also, even, too
- बोद्धव्यम् (boddhavyam) - to be known, to be understood
- बोद्धव्यम् (boddhavyam) - to be known, to be understood
- च (ca) - and
- विकर्मणः (vikarmaṇaḥ) - of improper action, of prohibited action
- अकर्मणः (akarmaṇaḥ) - of inaction, of non-action
- च (ca) - and
- बोद्धव्यम् (boddhavyam) - to be known, to be understood
- गहना (gahanā) - profound, deep, intricate, mysterious
- कर्मणः (karmaṇaḥ) - of action, of deed, of work
- गतिः (gatiḥ) - path, course, movement, nature, way
Words meanings and morphology
कर्मणः (karmaṇaḥ) - of action, of deed, of work
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of karmaṇ
karmaṇ - action, deed, work, religious rite, destiny
Derived from √kṛ (to do) + suffix -man
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Sandhi with 'hi' (karmaṇo hi) leads to 'karmaṇo'.
हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because
(indeclinable)
अपि (api) - also, even, too
(indeclinable)
Note: Sandhi with 'hi' (hi api) leads to 'hyapi'.
बोद्धव्यम् (boddhavyam) - to be known, to be understood
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of boddhavya
boddhavya - to be known, to be understood, intelligible
Gerundive (kṛtya)
Formed from √budh (to know) with suffix -tavya
Root: budh (class 1)
बोद्धव्यम् (boddhavyam) - to be known, to be understood
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of boddhavya
boddhavya - to be known, to be understood, intelligible
Gerundive (kṛtya)
Formed from √budh (to know) with suffix -tavya
Root: budh (class 1)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
विकर्मणः (vikarmaṇaḥ) - of improper action, of prohibited action
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of vikarmaṇ
vikarmaṇ - improper action, forbidden action, wrong action
Derived from vi- + √kṛ (to do) + suffix -man
Prefix: vi
Root: kṛ (class 8)
अकर्मणः (akarmaṇaḥ) - of inaction, of non-action
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of akarmaṇ
akarmaṇ - inaction, non-action, absence of action
Derived from a- (negative prefix) + karmaṇ
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+karmaṇ)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable
Negative prefix - karmaṇ – action, deed, work
noun (neuter)
Derived from √kṛ (to do) + suffix -man
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Sandhi with 'ca' (akarmaṇaś ca) leads to 'akarmaṇaś'.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
बोद्धव्यम् (boddhavyam) - to be known, to be understood
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of boddhavya
boddhavya - to be known, to be understood, intelligible
Gerundive (kṛtya)
Formed from √budh (to know) with suffix -tavya
Root: budh (class 1)
गहना (gahanā) - profound, deep, intricate, mysterious
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of gahana
gahana - deep, profound, impenetrable, intricate, dense
From √gah (to be deep)
Root: gah
कर्मणः (karmaṇaḥ) - of action, of deed, of work
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of karmaṇ
karmaṇ - action, deed, work, religious rite, destiny
Derived from √kṛ (to do) + suffix -man
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Sandhi with 'gatiḥ' (karmaṇo gatiḥ) leads to 'karmaṇo'.
गतिः (gatiḥ) - path, course, movement, nature, way
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of gati
gati - going, movement, path, course, state, condition, destination, nature
From √gam (to go) + suffix -ti
Root: gam (class 1)