भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-4, verse-30
अपरे नियताहाराः प्राणान्प्राणेषु जुह्वति ।
सर्वेऽप्येते यज्ञविदो यज्ञक्षपितकल्मषाः ॥३०॥
सर्वेऽप्येते यज्ञविदो यज्ञक्षपितकल्मषाः ॥३०॥
30. apare niyatāhārāḥ prāṇānprāṇeṣu juhvati ,
sarve'pyete yajñavido yajñakṣapitakalmaṣāḥ.
sarve'pyete yajñavido yajñakṣapitakalmaṣāḥ.
30.
apare niyatāhārāḥ prāṇān prāṇeṣu juhvati
sarve api ete yajñavidaḥ yajñakṣapitakalmaṣāḥ
sarve api ete yajñavidaḥ yajñakṣapitakalmaṣāḥ
30.
apare niyatāhārāḥ prāṇān prāṇeṣu juhvati
sarve api ete yajñavidaḥ yajñakṣapitakalmaṣāḥ
sarve api ete yajñavidaḥ yajñakṣapitakalmaṣāḥ
30.
Others, with regulated diets, offer their vital breaths (prāṇa) into (other) vital breaths (prāṇa) [referring to prāṇāyāma]. All these are indeed knowers of the Vedic ritual (yajña), whose impurities are diminished by the Vedic ritual (yajña).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अपरे (apare) - others, other ones
- नियताहाराः (niyatāhārāḥ) - those whose food is regulated, with restrained diet
- प्राणान् (prāṇān) - vital breaths, life forces (prāṇa)
- प्राणेषु (prāṇeṣu) - into vital breaths, into life forces (prāṇa)
- जुह्वति (juhvati) - they offer, they sacrifice (in the context of merging/controlling)
- सर्वे (sarve) - all, all of them
- अपि (api) - also, even, indeed
- एते (ete) - these, these ones
- यज्ञविदः (yajñavidaḥ) - knowers of Vedic ritual (yajña)
- यज्ञक्षपितकल्मषाः (yajñakṣapitakalmaṣāḥ) - whose impurities are destroyed/diminished by Vedic ritual (yajña)
Words meanings and morphology
अपरे (apare) - others, other ones
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of apara
apara - other, different, subsequent
नियताहाराः (niyatāhārāḥ) - those whose food is regulated, with restrained diet
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of niyatāhāra
niyatāhāra - one whose food is regulated, having a disciplined diet
Compound type : bahuvrihi (niyata+āhāra)
- niyata – restrained, regulated, fixed
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Prefix: ni
Root: yam (class 1) - āhāra – food, diet, intake
noun (masculine)
Prefix: ā
Root: hṛ (class 1)
प्राणान् (prāṇān) - vital breaths, life forces (prāṇa)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa
prāṇa - vital breath, life force, air, spirit, a specific type of vital air
प्राणेषु (prāṇeṣu) - into vital breaths, into life forces (prāṇa)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of prāṇa
prāṇa - vital breath, life force, air, spirit, a specific type of vital air
जुह्वति (juhvati) - they offer, they sacrifice (in the context of merging/controlling)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of hu
Root: hu (class 3)
सर्वे (sarve) - all, all of them
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva
sarva - all, every, whole
अपि (api) - also, even, indeed
(indeclinable)
एते (ete) - these, these ones
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of etad
etad - this, these
यज्ञविदः (yajñavidaḥ) - knowers of Vedic ritual (yajña)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of yajñavid
yajñavid - one who knows the Vedic ritual (yajña)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yajña+vid)
- yajña – Vedic ritual, offering, worship
noun (masculine)
Root: yaj (class 1) - vid – knowing, one who knows
noun (masculine)
Derived from root vid (to know)
Root: vid (class 2)
यज्ञक्षपितकल्मषाः (yajñakṣapitakalmaṣāḥ) - whose impurities are destroyed/diminished by Vedic ritual (yajña)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of yajñakṣapitakalmaṣa
yajñakṣapitakalmaṣa - one whose impurities (kalmaṣa) have been destroyed (kṣapita) by Vedic ritual (yajña)
Compound type : bahuvrihi (yajña+kṣapita+kalmaṣa)
- yajña – Vedic ritual, offering, worship
noun (masculine)
Root: yaj (class 1) - kṣapita – destroyed, removed, diminished
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Causal of root kṣi (to destroy) or root kṣap
Root: kṣap (class 10) - kalmaṣa – sin, impurity, stain, blemish
noun (neuter)