योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-105, verse-31

इतिहासमयावेव जाग्रत्स्वप्नावुभावपि ।
परस्परं गतावेतावुपमानोपमेयताम् ॥ ३१ ॥

itihāsamayāveva jāgratsvapnāvubhāvapi ,
parasparaṃ gatāvetāvupamānopameyatām 31

31. itihāsamayau eva jāgratsvapnau ubhau api
parasparam gatau etau upamānopameyatām

31. Both the waking state and the dream state are verily characterized by narratives or historical accounts. These two (states) have become mutually comparable, acting as both the standard of comparison and the object to be compared.

Words meanings summery:

• इतिहासमयौ (itihāsamayau) - consisting of historical accounts, full of narratives

• एव (eva) - verily (indeed, certainly, only, even)

• जाग्रत्स्वप्नौ (jāgratsvapnau) - waking and dream (states)

• उभौ (ubhau) - both

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• परस्परम् (parasparam) - mutually, reciprocally, to each other

• गतौ (gatau) - gone, attained, reached

• एतौ (etau) - these two

• उपमानोपमेयताम् (upamānopameyatām) - the state of being both a standard of comparison (upamāna) and an object to be compared (upameya), mutual comparability

Words meanings and morphology

इतिहासमयौ (itihāsamayau) - consisting of historical accounts, full of narratives

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of itihāsamaya

itihāsamaya - consisting of or pervaded by stories/history

Derived from itihāsa with the suffix -maya

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (itihāsa+maya)

• itihāsa – history, tradition, legend, narrative
  noun (masculine)
• maya – consisting of, made of, full of
  suffix/adjective
  Suffix -maya indicates 'consisting of' or 'pervaded by'

एव (eva) - verily (indeed, certainly, only, even)

(indeclinable)

जाग्रत्स्वप्नौ (jāgratsvapnau) - waking and dream (states)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of jāgratsvapna

jāgratsvapna - waking and dream (as a pair)

Compound type : dvandva (jāgrat+svapna)

• jāgrat – waking state
  noun (neuter)
  Present Active Participle (used as noun)
  Derived from root jāgṛ
  Root: jāgṛ (class 2)
• svapna – dream, sleep
  noun (masculine/neuter)
  Root: svap (class 2)

उभौ (ubhau) - both

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

परस्परम् (parasparam) - mutually, reciprocally, to each other

(indeclinable)

गतौ (gatau) - gone, attained, reached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of gata

gata - gone, arrived, attained, understood

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gam

Root: gam (class 1)

एतौ (etau) - these two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of etad

etad - this, these

उपमानोपमेयताम् (upamānopameyatām) - the state of being both a standard of comparison (upamāna) and an object to be compared (upameya), mutual comparability

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of upamānopameyatā

upamānopameyatā - the quality of being both the thing compared and the object of comparison, mutual comparability

Formed from upamānopameya with the suffix -tā (abstract noun)

Compound type : dvandva (upamāna+upameya+tā)

• upamāna – standard of comparison, simile, analogy
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  Derived from root mā with prefixes upa and pra
  Prefix: upa
  Root: mā (class 2)
• upameya – object to be compared, thing compared
  adjective/noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  Derived from root mā with prefixes upa and suffix -eya
  Prefix: upa
  Root: mā (class 2)
• tā – state, condition, quality, -ness
  suffix/noun (feminine)
  Abstract noun suffix