योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-47, verse-16

यथा सम्यक् पयोराशिः कोटरे कलनोन्मुखम् ।
द्रवत्वात्स्पन्दतेऽस्पन्दं तथेदं चिद्धनान्तरम् ॥ १६ ॥

yathā samyak payorāśiḥ koṭare kalanonmukham ,
dravatvātspandate'spandaṃ tathedaṃ ciddhanāntaram 16

16. yathā samyak payo-rāśiḥ koṭare kalana-unmukham dravatvāt
spandate a-spandam tathā idam cit-ghana-antaram

16. yathā samyak payorāśiḥ koṭare dravatvāt kalana-unmukham
aspandam spandate tathā idam cidghanāntaram

16. Just as a vast body of water, perfectly contained within a cavity and prone to agitation due to its fluidity, appears to vibrate while being essentially unmoving; similarly, this (world) has an inner reality of concentrated consciousness (cit-ghana).

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - just as, in the manner that

• सम्यक् (samyak) - fully, completely (referring to the mass of water) (completely, perfectly, thoroughly)

• पयो-राशिः (payo-rāśiḥ) - a vast body of water (like an ocean) (mass of water, ocean)

• कोटरे (koṭare) - in a small container or cavity (in a hollow, in a cavity)

• कलन-उन्मुखम् (kalana-unmukham) - prone to agitation or motion (inclined towards agitation, facing activity)

• द्रवत्वात् (dravatvāt) - because of its inherent fluidity (due to liquidity, from fluidity)

• स्पन्दते (spandate) - it appears to move or vibrate (it vibrates, it moves, it throbs)

• अ-स्पन्दम् (a-spandam) - essentially unmoving (despite apparent motion) (unmoving, non-vibrating, still)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus, so

• इदम् (idam) - this (phenomenal world) (this, this world)

• चित्-घन-अन्तरम् (cit-ghana-antaram) - having an inner reality of concentrated consciousness (cit-ghana) (having an inner reality of concentrated consciousness)

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - just as, in the manner that

(indeclinable)

सम्यक् (samyak) - fully, completely (referring to the mass of water) (completely, perfectly, thoroughly)

(indeclinable)

Formed from 'sam' (with) + 'añc' (to bend, to go straight)

Prefix: sam

Root: añc (class 1)

Note: Functions adverbially here.

पयो-राशिः (payo-rāśiḥ) - a vast body of water (like an ocean) (mass of water, ocean)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of payorāśi

payorāśi - mass of water, ocean

Compound of 'payas' (water) + 'rāśi' (heap/mass).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (payas+rāśi)

• payas – water, milk
  noun (neuter)
  Root: pi (class 1)
• rāśi – heap, mass, quantity
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāś (class 1)

Note: Subject of comparison.

कोटरे (koṭare) - in a small container or cavity (in a hollow, in a cavity)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of koṭara

koṭara - hollow, cavity, hole (in a tree, etc.)

Note: Denotes the location or context of the water.

कलन-उन्मुखम् (kalana-unmukham) - prone to agitation or motion (inclined towards agitation, facing activity)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of kalana-unmukha

kalana-unmukha - facing motion, inclined to agitate

Compound of 'kalana' (moving, agitation) + 'unmukha' (facing, inclined).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kalana+unmukha)

• kalana – moving, stirring, agitating, calculating
  noun (neuter)
  nominal action
  From root 'kal' (to count, to move) + 'ana' suffix.
  Root: kal (class 1)
• unmukha – facing, inclined towards, eager
  adjective (neuter)
  'ud' (up/forth) + 'mukha' (face)
  Prefix: ud

Note: Adjective describing 'payorāśiḥ'.

द्रवत्वात् (dravatvāt) - because of its inherent fluidity (due to liquidity, from fluidity)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of dravatva

dravatva - liquidity, fluidity

Formed from 'drava' (liquid) + 'tva' (suffix for abstract noun).

Note: Indicates the reason for motion.

स्पन्दते (spandate) - it appears to move or vibrate (it vibrates, it moves, it throbs)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of spand

Present tense, third person singular, middle voice.

Root: spand (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'payorāśiḥ'.

अ-स्पन्दम् (a-spandam) - essentially unmoving (despite apparent motion) (unmoving, non-vibrating, still)

(indeclinable)

'a' (negation) + 'spanda' (motion/vibration).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+spanda)

• a – not, non-
  prefix
  negation prefix
• spanda – vibration, motion, throb
  noun (masculine)
  Root 'spand' (to vibrate) + 'a' suffix.
  Root: spand (class 1)

Note: Functions adverbially.

तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus, so

(indeclinable)

इदम् (idam) - this (phenomenal world) (this, this world)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Subject of implied verb 'is'.

चित्-घन-अन्तरम् (cit-ghana-antaram) - having an inner reality of concentrated consciousness (cit-ghana) (having an inner reality of concentrated consciousness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cidghanāntara

cidghanāntara - inner part/essence of concentrated consciousness

Compound of 'cit' (consciousness) + 'ghana' (dense/concentrated) + 'antara' (interior/essence).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (cit+ghana+antara)

• cit – consciousness, pure intelligence
  noun (feminine)
  Root 'cit' (to perceive)
  Root: cit (class 1)
• ghana – dense, solid, concentrated, compact
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
• antara – interior, inside, essence, difference
  noun (neuter)

Note: Functions as a predicate here.