योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-112, verse-35

एवं स्थितः स विवशो गगनं गुहायां गृह्णन्गृहेण गहनेन किलात्मबुद्ध्या ।
दुःखान्तराद्धनतराद्धनदुःखजातमायाति याति च गतागतिसङ्गमूढः ॥ ३५ ॥

evaṃ sthitaḥ sa vivaśo gaganaṃ guhāyāṃ gṛhṇangṛheṇa gahanena kilātmabuddhyā ,
duḥkhāntarāddhanatarāddhanaduḥkhajātamāyāti yāti ca gatāgatisaṅgamūḍhaḥ 35

35. evam sthitaḥ sa vivaśaḥ gaganam guhāyām
gṛhṇan gṛheṇa gahanena kila ātma-buddhyā
duḥkhāntarāt dhanatarāt dhanaduḥkhajātām
āyāti yāti ca gatāgatisangamūḍhaḥ

35. evam sthitaḥ sa vivaśaḥ,
gahanena gṛheṇa guhāyām ātma-buddhyā gaganam gṛhṇan kila.
gatāgatisangamūḍhaḥ (saḥ) duḥkhāntarāt dhanatarāt dhanaduḥkhajātām ca āyāti yāti.

35. Thus, that helpless man remained, attempting to grasp the vast sky (gagana) as if confined within a dense house, which served as a cave (guhā), all due to his own flawed understanding (ātma-buddhyā). Bewildered by attachment to the cycle of coming and going (gatāgati-saṅga), he repeatedly transitions from profoundly intense periods of suffering to other forms of suffering born of wealth.

35. כשהוא חסר אונים, מנסה לכלוא את החלל במבנים שונים מתוך מחשבה מוטעית שזהו העצמי שלו, הוא נע מיגון כבד ליגון כבד עוד יותר, נבוך ומבולבל במעגל האינסופי של באים והולכים.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - situated, stood, remained

• स (sa) - he, that

• विवशः (vivaśaḥ) - helpless, powerless, dependent

• गगनम् (gaganam) - the vast, boundless sky (sky, atmosphere, space)

• गुहायाम् (guhāyām) - in a cave, in a hiding place

• गृह्णन् (gṛhṇan) - attempting to grasp (grasping, seizing, holding)

• गृहेण (gṛheṇa) - by means of a house, with a house

• गहनेन (gahanena) - by a dense, by a profound, by a difficult

• किल (kila) - as if, indeed (indeed, surely, as it were)

• आत्म-बुद्ध्या (ātma-buddhyā) - by his own flawed understanding (by one's own understanding/intellect)

• दुःखान्तरात् (duḥkhāntarāt) - from a period of suffering (from an interval of suffering)

• धनतरात् (dhanatarāt) - from a profoundly intense (period) (from a more dense, from a more intense)

• धनदुःखजाताम् (dhanaduḥkhajātām) - to other forms of suffering born of wealth (born of wealth-suffering)

• आयाति (āyāti) - comes (from a state of suffering) (comes, approaches, obtains)

• याति (yāti) - goes (to a state of suffering) (goes, moves, proceeds)

• च (ca) - and, also

• गतागतिसन्गमूढः (gatāgatisangamūḍhaḥ) - bewildered by the attachment to coming and going (birth and death)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - situated, stood, remained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - stood, stayed, remained, situated, existing

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā with suffix kta

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'sa'.

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the man described in previous verses.

विवशः (vivaśaḥ) - helpless, powerless, dependent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vivaśa

vivaśa - helpless, powerless, dependent, not master of oneself

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+vaśa)

• vi – apart, distinct, without
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• vaśa – will, power, control, subject to
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'sa'.

गगनम् (gaganam) - the vast, boundless sky (sky, atmosphere, space)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gagana

gagana - sky, atmosphere, space, ether

Note: Object of 'gṛhṇan'.

गुहायाम् (guhāyām) - in a cave, in a hiding place

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of guhā

guhā - cave, cavern, hiding-place, cavity (of the heart)

Note: Metaphorical for a confined space, representing limited perception.

गृह्णन् (gṛhṇan) - attempting to grasp (grasping, seizing, holding)

(nominal form)

Nominative, masculine, singular of grah

grah - to seize, grasp, take, receive

Present Active Participle

From root grah, present stem gṛhṇā, with suffix śatṛ

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Adverbial participle modifying the subject 'sa'.

गृहेण (gṛheṇa) - by means of a house, with a house

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of gṛha

gṛha - house, home, dwelling

Note: Implies the means by which he attempts to confine the sky, or the context of his confinement.

गहनेन (gahanena) - by a dense, by a profound, by a difficult

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of gahana

gahana - dense, thick, deep, profound, impenetrable, difficult

Note: Qualifies 'gṛheṇa'.

किल (kila) - as if, indeed (indeed, surely, as it were)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates a sense of unreality or emphasis.

आत्म-बुद्ध्या (ātma-buddhyā) - by his own flawed understanding (by one's own understanding/intellect)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of ātma-buddhi

ātma-buddhi - one's own intellect, self-understanding, individual perception

Compound type : tatpurusha (ātman+buddhi)

• ātman – self (ātman), soul, essence, nature, mind
  noun (masculine)
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, perception, reason
  noun (feminine)
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Refers to the individual's mental faculty, here implied to be mistaken.

दुःखान्तरात् (duḥkhāntarāt) - from a period of suffering (from an interval of suffering)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of duḥkhāntara

duḥkhāntara - interval of suffering, another suffering

Compound type : tatpurusha (duḥkha+antara)

• duḥkha – suffering, pain, misery, sorrow
  noun (neuter)
• antara – interval, interior, another, difference
  noun (neuter)

धनतरात् (dhanatarāt) - from a profoundly intense (period) (from a more dense, from a more intense)

(adjective)

Ablative, neuter, singular of dhanatara

dhanatara - more dense, more intense, more wealthy, greater (in quality or quantity)

comparative suffix -tara added to dhana (dense/wealth)

Note: Qualifies 'duḥkhāntarāt'.

धनदुःखजाताम् (dhanaduḥkhajātām) - to other forms of suffering born of wealth (born of wealth-suffering)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dhanaduḥkhajāta

dhanaduḥkhajāta - born of the suffering of wealth, caused by wealth and misery

Compound type : tatpurusha (dhana+duḥkha+jāta)

• dhana – wealth, property
  noun (neuter)
• duḥkha – suffering, pain, misery
  noun (neuter)
• jāta – born, produced, arisen
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root jan 'to be born' with suffix kta
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Qualifies an implied feminine noun like 'gatim' (state/condition).

आयाति (āyāti) - comes (from a state of suffering) (comes, approaches, obtains)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of yā

present 3rd singular active

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: `ā-yā` implies 'to come to' or 'to approach'.

याति (yāti) - goes (to a state of suffering) (goes, moves, proceeds)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of yā

present 3rd singular active

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: `yā` means 'to go'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the actions of 'coming' and 'going'.

गतागतिसन्गमूढः (gatāgatisangamūḍhaḥ) - bewildered by the attachment to coming and going (birth and death)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gatāgatisangamūḍha

gatāgatisangamūḍha - bewildered by the attachment to the cycle of coming and going (saṃsāra)

Compound type : tatpurusha (gatāgati+saṅga+mūḍha)

• gatāgati – coming and going, transmigration (saṃsāra)
  noun (feminine)
  From gati 'going' and āgati 'coming'
• saṅga – attachment, contact, connection
  noun (masculine)
  from root sañj 'to cling to, to be connected'
  Root: sañj (class 1)
• mūḍha – bewildered, deluded, foolish
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root muh 'to be bewildered'
  Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'sa'. 'Gatāgati' typically refers to the cycle of birth and death (saṃsāra).

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