योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-7, verse-23

कृपणाश्वासनं साधो विद्धि सच्चरितव्रतम् ।
स्नेहदृष्टिमजानद्भिर्मूढैरेव महामते ॥ २३ ॥

kṛpaṇāśvāsanaṃ sādho viddhi saccaritavratam ,
snehadṛṣṭimajānadbhirmūḍhaireva mahāmate 23

23. kṛpaṇāśvāsanam sādho viddhi satcaritavratam
snehadṛṣṭim ajānadbhiḥ mūḍhaiḥ eva mahāmate

23. he sādho he mahāmate kṛpaṇāśvāsanam satcaritavratam
viddhi snehadṛṣṭim mūḍhaiḥ eva ajānadbhiḥ (bhavati)

23. Know, O virtuous one, that comforting the distressed is a vow of good conduct. O great-minded one, a look of affection is understood only by the ignorant.

Words meanings summery:

• कृपणाश्वासनम् (kṛpaṇāśvāsanam) - comforting the distressed/poor

• साधो (sādho) - O virtuous one, O good person

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand, realize

• सत्चरितव्रतम् (satcaritavratam) - a vow of good conduct/practice

• स्नेहदृष्टिम् (snehadṛṣṭim) - a look/gaze of affection/tenderness

• अजानद्भिः (ajānadbhiḥ) - by those not knowing/understanding, by the ignorant

• मूढैः (mūḍhaiḥ) - by fools, by the ignorant

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes 'by fools'. (only, just, indeed)

• महामते (mahāmate) - O great-minded one, O intelligent one

Words meanings and morphology

कृपणाश्वासनम् (kṛpaṇāśvāsanam) - comforting the distressed/poor

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛpaṇāśvāsana

kṛpaṇāśvāsana - the act of consoling or comforting the miserable/poor/distressed

Tatpuruṣa compound: kṛpaṇa (distressed) + āśvāsana (comforting)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṛpaṇa+āśvāsana)

• kṛpaṇa – miserable, distressed, poor, pitiful
  adjective (masculine)
• āśvāsana – consoling, comforting, encouraging
  noun (neuter)
  Noun of action
  From root śvas (to breathe) with prefix ā. Noun formed with -ana suffix.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Object of 'viddhi'.

साधो (sādho) - O virtuous one, O good person

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sādhu

sādhu - good, virtuous, righteous, holy man

From root sādh (to accomplish)

Root: sādh (class 5)

विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand, realize

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Imperative, active voice, 2nd person singular

From root vid (2nd class, 'to know').

Root: vid (class 2)

सत्चरितव्रतम् (satcaritavratam) - a vow of good conduct/practice

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of satcaritavrata

satcaritavrata - a vow or practice of good conduct/virtue

Tatpuruṣa compound: sat (good, true) + carita (conduct) + vrata (vow). 't' becomes 'c' before 'c'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sat+carita+vrata)

• sat – good, true, existing, virtuous
  adjective
  Present Active Participle
  From root as (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)
• carita – conduct, behavior, practice
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (used as noun)
  From root car (to move, conduct)
  Root: car (class 1)
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, practice
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛ (class 1)

Note: Predicate accusative for 'kṛpaṇāśvāsanam'.

स्नेहदृष्टिम् (snehadṛṣṭim) - a look/gaze of affection/tenderness

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of snehadṛṣṭi

snehadṛṣṭi - a gaze or glance full of affection/tenderness

Tatpuruṣa compound: sneha (affection) + dṛṣṭi (sight, gaze).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (sneha+dṛṣṭi)

• sneha – affection, love, tenderness, oiliness
  noun (masculine)
• dṛṣṭi – sight, vision, gaze, eye
  noun (feminine)
  Noun of action/agent
  From root dṛś (to see)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Object of implied verb 'not understood'.

अजानद्भिः (ajānadbhiḥ) - by those not knowing/understanding, by the ignorant

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ajānat

ajānat - not knowing, ignorant, unaware

Present Active Participle

a (negation) + jānat (knowing - PAP from jñā)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+jānat)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• jānat – knowing, aware
  adjective
  Present Active Participle
  From root jñā (to know), 9th class
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'mūḍhaiḥ'.

मूढैः (mūḍhaiḥ) - by fools, by the ignorant

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mūḍha

mūḍha - foolish, stupid, bewildered, ignorant

Past Passive Participle (used as noun/adjective)

From root muh (to be bewildered, confused) + kta suffix.

Root: muh (class 4)

एव (eva) - Emphasizes 'by fools'. (only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Particle

महामते (mahāmate) - O great-minded one, O intelligent one

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāmat

mahāmat - great-minded, highly intelligent, wise

Bahuvrihi compound: mahā (great) + mati (mind, intellect). Vocative singular.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+mati)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• mati – mind, intellect, thought, intention
  noun (feminine)
  From root man (to think)
  Root: man (class 4)

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