योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-51, verse-5

तत्रासौ दश वर्षाणि मनसैवायजत्सुरान् ।
गवाश्वनरमेधाद्यैर्यज्ञैर्विपुलदक्षिणैः ॥ ५ ॥

tatrāsau daśa varṣāṇi manasaivāyajatsurān ,
gavāśvanaramedhādyairyajñairvipuladakṣiṇaiḥ 5

5. tatra asau daśa varṣāṇi manasā eva ayajat surān
gavāśvanaramedhādyaiḥ yajñaiḥ vipuladakṣiṇaiḥ

5. tatra asau daśa varṣāṇi manasā eva gavāśvanaramedhādyaiḥ
vipuladakṣiṇaiḥ yajñaiḥ surān ayajat

5. There, for ten years, he worshipped the gods merely with his mind (manasā), through Vedic rituals (yajña) like those involving cows, horses, and humans (gavāśvanaramedha), accompanied by abundant gifts.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - in that (mental) state (there, in that place, in that case)

• असौ (asau) - he, that one

• दश (daśa) - ten

• वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years (years, rainy seasons)

• मनसा (manasā) - by the mind, with the mind, mentally

• एव (eva) - only, merely, indeed, just

• अयजत् (ayajat) - he sacrificed, he worshipped

• सुरान् (surān) - gods, deities

• गवाश्वनरमेधाद्यैः (gavāśvanaramedhādyaiḥ) - by sacrifices such as the Gomedha, Aśvamedha, and Narameha (by those headed by (or including) sacrifices of cows, horses, and humans)

• यज्ञैः (yajñaiḥ) - by sacrifices

• विपुलदक्षिणैः (vipuladakṣiṇaiḥ) - with abundant gifts, with large sacrificial fees

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - in that (mental) state (there, in that place, in that case)

(indeclinable)

From 'tad' (that) + locative suffix '-tra'.

Note: Refers to the context of mental sacrifice.

असौ (asau) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, yonder, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of the sentence.

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)

Note: Modifies 'varṣāṇi'.

वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years (years, rainy seasons)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of varṣa

varṣa - year, rainy season, rain, cloud

From root 'vṛṣ' (to rain).

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Denotes duration of time.

मनसा (manasā) - by the mind, with the mind, mentally

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought, understanding (manas)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Indicates the instrument or means of action.

एव (eva) - only, merely, indeed, just

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Emphasizes the mental aspect of the sacrifice.

अयजत् (ayajat) - he sacrificed, he worshipped

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of yaj

Imperfect

Root 'yaj' (class 1) in the imperfect tense.

Root: yaj (class 1)

सुरान् (surān) - gods, deities

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sura

sura - god, deity, divine being

Literally 'good one', opposite of 'asura'.

Note: Object of the verb 'ayajat'.

गवाश्वनरमेधाद्यैः (gavāśvanaramedhādyaiḥ) - by sacrifices such as the Gomedha, Aśvamedha, and Narameha (by those headed by (or including) sacrifices of cows, horses, and humans)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gavāśvanaramedhādya

gavāśvanaramedhādya - headed by (or including) Gomedha, Aśvamedha, Narameha sacrifices

Compound: 'go' (cow) + 'aśva' (horse) + 'nara' (human) + 'medha' (sacrifice) + 'ādya' (headed by, beginning with).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (go+aśva+nara+medha+ādya)

• go – cow, bull, earth, ray of light
  noun (masculine)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• nara – man, human, male
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ (class 1)
• medha – sacrifice, oblation, fat, wisdom
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'medh' (to be fat, to sacrifice).
  Root: medh (class 1)
• ādya – first, chief, beginning with, and so on, etc.
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'ādi' (beginning).

Note: Modifies 'yajñaiḥ'.

यज्ञैः (yajñaiḥ) - by sacrifices

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yajña

yajña - sacrifice, worship, offering, ritual (yajña)

From root 'yaj' (to sacrifice, worship).

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Instrument of the action 'ayajat'.

विपुलदक्षिणैः (vipuladakṣiṇaiḥ) - with abundant gifts, with large sacrificial fees

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vipuladakṣiṇa

vipuladakṣiṇa - having abundant gifts, with great remuneration

Compound of 'vipula' (ample, large) and 'dakṣiṇā' (sacrificial fee, gift).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (vipula+dakṣiṇā)

• vipula – ample, vast, extensive, large, abundant
  adjective (masculine)
• dakṣiṇā – sacrificial fee, gift, donation, south, right
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'dakṣ' (to be able).
  Root: dakṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'yajñaiḥ'.

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