योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-40, verse-33

असत्यैव विकल्पोक्तिः सत्यभावो विकल्पते ।
तमोपहतदृष्टित्वाद्द्विचन्द्रज्ञानदोषवत् ॥ ३३ ॥

asatyaiva vikalpoktiḥ satyabhāvo vikalpate ,
tamopahatadṛṣṭitvāddvicandrajñānadoṣavat 33

33. asatyā eva vikalpa-uktiḥ satya-bhāvaḥ vikalpate
tama-upahata-dṛṣṭitvāt dvi-candra-jñāna-doṣa-vat

33. vikalpa-uktiḥ asatyā eva satya-bhāvaḥ vikalpate
tama-upahata-dṛṣṭitvāt dvi-candra-jñāna-doṣa-vat

33. The very assertion of mental constructs (vikalpa) is unreal; it is the true nature that is conceived as such. This occurs due to vision obscured by ignorance (tamas), just like the flaw of perceiving two moons.

Words meanings summery:

• असत्या (asatyā) - unreal, false, non-existent

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly, just

• विकल्प-उक्तिः (vikalpa-uktiḥ) - assertion of mental constructs (statement of mental construct, expression of doubt, assertion of duality)

• सत्य-भावः (satya-bhāvaḥ) - true nature, real state, true existence

• विकल्पते (vikalpate) - is conceptualized as such (is conceptualized, is imagined, is differentiated, is subject to doubt)

• तम-उपहत-दृष्टित्वात् (tama-upahata-dṛṣṭitvāt) - due to vision obscured by ignorance (tamas) (due to the state of having vision impaired by darkness/ignorance)

• द्वि-चन्द्र-ज्ञान-दोष-वत् (dvi-candra-jñāna-doṣa-vat) - just like the flaw of perceiving two moons (like the defect of knowing/seeing two moons)

Words meanings and morphology

असत्या (asatyā) - unreal, false, non-existent

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of asatya

asatya - unreal, false, non-existent

Derived from 'satya' (real, true) with the negative prefix 'a-'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+satya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• satya – true, real, existent
  adjective
  From 'sat' (being, existence)
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'vikalpa-uktiḥ'.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

विकल्प-उक्तिः (vikalpa-uktiḥ) - assertion of mental constructs (statement of mental construct, expression of doubt, assertion of duality)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vikalpa-ukti

vikalpa-ukti - statement of mental construct/doubt/duality

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vikalpa+ukti)

• vikalpa – mental construct, differentiation, doubt, alternative
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'kḷp' (to form, to arrange) with 'vi-' prefix.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kḷp (class 1)
• ukti – statement, speech, expression
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'vac' (to speak).
  Root: vac (class 2)

सत्य-भावः (satya-bhāvaḥ) - true nature, real state, true existence

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satya-bhāva

satya-bhāva - true nature, real state, true existence

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (satya+bhāva)

• satya – true, real, existent
  adjective
  From 'sat' (being, existence)
  Root: as (class 2)
• bhāva – state, nature, existence, feeling
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'bhū' (to be, exist).
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'vikalpate'.

विकल्पते (vikalpate) - is conceptualized as such (is conceptualized, is imagined, is differentiated, is subject to doubt)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vikalp

Root 'kḷp' with prefix 'vi-'.

Prefix: vi

Root: kḷp (class 1)

तम-उपहत-दृष्टित्वात् (tama-upahata-dṛṣṭitvāt) - due to vision obscured by ignorance (tamas) (due to the state of having vision impaired by darkness/ignorance)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of tama-upahata-dṛṣṭitva

tama-upahata-dṛṣṭitva - state of having vision impaired by darkness/ignorance

Derived from 'tama-upahata-dṛṣṭi' (one whose vision is impaired by darkness) with suffix '-tva' (abstract noun).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tamas+upahata+dṛṣṭi+tva)

• tamas – darkness, ignorance
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tam (class 4)
• upahata – impaired, struck, injured, obscured
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'han' (to strike, injure) with prefix 'upa-'.
  Prefix: upa
  Root: han (class 2)
• dṛṣṭi – vision, sight, perception
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'dṛś' (to see).
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• tva – -ness, -hood, state of being
  suffix (neuter)
  Primary suffix 'tva' forming abstract neuter nouns.

Note: Indicates cause.

द्वि-चन्द्र-ज्ञान-दोष-वत् (dvi-candra-jñāna-doṣa-vat) - just like the flaw of perceiving two moons (like the defect of knowing/seeing two moons)

(indeclinable)

Formed with suffix 'vat' (like, similar to).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+candra+jñāna+doṣa+vat)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• candra – moon
  noun (masculine)
  Root: cand (class 1)
• jñāna – knowledge, perception
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'jñā' (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• doṣa – defect, fault, error
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'duṣ' (to be bad).
  Root: duṣ (class 4)
• vat – like, similar to
  indeclinable
  Taddhita suffix.

Note: Expresses comparison.