योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-3, verse-40

सच्चेन्न शाम्यति कदाचन दृश्यदुःखं दृश्ये त्वशाम्यति न बोद्धरि केवलत्वम् ।
दृश्ये त्वसंभवति बोद्धरि बोद्धृभावः शाम्येत्स्थितोऽपि हि तदस्य विमोक्षमाहुः ॥ ४० ॥

saccenna śāmyati kadācana dṛśyaduḥkhaṃ dṛśye tvaśāmyati na boddhari kevalatvam ,
dṛśye tvasaṃbhavati boddhari boddhṛbhāvaḥ śāmyetsthito'pi hi tadasya vimokṣamāhuḥ 40

40. sat cet na śāmyati kadācana dṛśya-duḥkham
dṛśye tu aśāmyati na boddhari kevalatvam
dṛśye tu asaṃbhavati boddhari boddhṛ-bhāvaḥ
śāmyet sthitaḥ api hi tat asya vimokṣam āhuḥ

40. cet sat dṛśya-duḥkham kadācana na śāmyati
dṛśye tu aśāmyati boddhari kevalatvam na
dṛśye tu asaṃbhavati boddhari boddhṛ-bhāvaḥ
śāmyet hi sthitaḥ api tat asya vimokṣam āhuḥ

40. If the sorrow of the perceived (object) were truly existent, it would never cease. If the perceived (object) does not cease, then the perceiver cannot attain its inherent state of absoluteness (kevalatvam). When the perceived (object) ceases to exist for the perceiver, then the perceiver's very state of being a perceiver also ceases. Indeed, even if that (sorrow or the state of perceiving) had existed, it would then subside. This, they declare, is the perceiver's liberation (mokṣa).

Words meanings summery:

• सत् (sat) - existing, real, true

• चेत् (cet) - if

• न (na) - not, no

• शाम्यति (śāmyati) - subsides, becomes quiet, ceases

• कदाचन (kadācana) - ever, at any time

• दृश्य-दुःखम् (dṛśya-duḥkham) - the suffering of the perceived, the sorrow of the seen object

• दृश्ये (dṛśye) - in the perceived object, concerning the seen, when the perceived

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• अशाम्यति (aśāmyati) - does not subside, does not cease

• न (na) - not, no

• बोद्धरि (boddhari) - in the perceiver, in the knower

• केवलत्वम् (kevalatvam) - absoluteness, oneness, isolated state, singularity

• दृश्ये (dṛśye) - in the perceived object, concerning the seen, when the perceived

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• असंभवति (asaṁbhavati) - does not arise, is impossible, does not exist

• बोद्धरि (boddhari) - in the perceiver, in the knower

• बोद्धृ-भावः (boddhṛ-bhāvaḥ) - the state or condition of being a perceiver/knower

• शाम्येत् (śāmyet) - it would subside, it should cease

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - standing, situated, existing, remaining

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• तत् (tat) - that, therefore

• अस्य (asya) - of this, of him, of it

• विमोक्षम् (vimokṣam) - final liberation (mokṣa) (liberation, release, emancipation)

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

Words meanings and morphology

सत् (sat) - existing, real, true

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sat

sat - existing, real, true, good

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'as' (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

चेत् (cet) - if

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

शाम्यति (śāmyati) - subsides, becomes quiet, ceases

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of śām

present indicative

root conjugation, 4th class, P

Root: śam (class 4)

कदाचन (kadācana) - ever, at any time

(indeclinable)

दृश्य-दुःखम् (dṛśya-duḥkham) - the suffering of the perceived, the sorrow of the seen object

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dṛśya-duḥkha

dṛśya-duḥkha - suffering of the perceived

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dṛśya+duḥkha)

• dṛśya – that which is to be seen, perceived, visible
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From root dṛś + ya
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• duḥkha – suffering, pain, sorrow, misery
  noun (neuter)

दृश्ये (dṛśye) - in the perceived object, concerning the seen, when the perceived

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of dṛśya

dṛśya - that which is to be seen, perceived, visible

Gerundive

From root dṛś + ya

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

अशाम्यति (aśāmyati) - does not subside, does not cease

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of aśām

present indicative

a (neg) + root śam (4th class P), negative prefix 'a'

Prefix: a

Root: śam (class 4)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

बोद्धरि (boddhari) - in the perceiver, in the knower

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of boddhṛ

boddhṛ - perceiver, knower, intelligent one

agent noun

From root 'budh' + tṛc

Root: budh (class 1)

केवलत्वम् (kevalatvam) - absoluteness, oneness, isolated state, singularity

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kevalatva

kevalatva - absoluteness, isolated state, oneness

From 'kevala' + suffix 'tva'

दृश्ये (dṛśye) - in the perceived object, concerning the seen, when the perceived

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of dṛśya

dṛśya - that which is to be seen, perceived, visible

Gerundive

From root dṛś + ya

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

असंभवति (asaṁbhavati) - does not arise, is impossible, does not exist

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of a-saṃbhav

present indicative

a (neg) + saṃ (prefix) + bhū (root) (1st class P)

Prefixes: a+sam

Root: bhū (class 1)

बोद्धरि (boddhari) - in the perceiver, in the knower

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of boddhṛ

boddhṛ - perceiver, knower, intelligent one

agent noun

From root 'budh' + tṛc

Root: budh (class 1)

बोद्धृ-भावः (boddhṛ-bhāvaḥ) - the state or condition of being a perceiver/knower

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of boddhṛ-bhāva

boddhṛ-bhāva - state of being a perceiver

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (boddhṛ+bhāva)

• boddhṛ – perceiver, knower
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root 'budh' + tṛc
  Root: budh (class 1)
• bhāva – state, condition, existence, nature
  noun (masculine)
  From root bhū
  Root: bhū (class 1)

शाम्येत् (śāmyet) - it would subside, it should cease

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of śām

optative

root conjugation, 4th class, P

Root: śam (class 4)

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - standing, situated, existing, remaining

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, existing, situated, firm

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā + kta

Root: sthā (class 1)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that, therefore

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अस्य (asya) - of this, of him, of it

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

विमोक्षम् (vimokṣam) - final liberation (mokṣa) (liberation, release, emancipation)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vimokṣa

vimokṣa - liberation, release, emancipation (mokṣa)

From vi + muc (to release)

Prefix: vi

Root: muc (class 6)

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they declare

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of ah

perfect tense

irregular perfect form, 3rd plural

Root: ah (class 2)