योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-102, verse-9

अबद्धो बद्ध इत्युक्त्वा किं शोचसि मुधैव हि ।
अनन्तस्यात्मतत्त्वस्य किं कथं केन बध्यते ॥ ९ ॥

abaddho baddha ityuktvā kiṃ śocasi mudhaiva hi ,
anantasyātmatattvasya kiṃ kathaṃ kena badhyate 9

9. abaddhaḥ baddhaḥ iti uktvā kim śocasi mudhā eva hi
anantasya ātmatattvasya kim katham kena badhyate

9. abaddhaḥ baddhaḥ iti uktvā kim mudhā eva hi śocasi
? anantasya ātmatattvasya kim katham kena badhyate ?

9. Why do you grieve pointlessly, saying 'I am unbound' or 'I am bound'? What, how, and by whom can the infinite reality of the Self (ātman) be bound?

Words meanings summery:

• अबद्धः (abaddhaḥ) - unbound, not bound

• बद्धः (baddhaḥ) - bound, fettered

• इति (iti) - thus, so saying

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said

• किम् (kim) - why? what?

• शोचसि (śocasi) - you grieve, you lament

• मुधा (mudhā) - uselessly, in vain

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely

• अनन्तस्य (anantasya) - of the infinite

• आत्मतत्त्वस्य (ātmatattvasya) - of the reality of the self (ātman), of the Self-principle

• किम् (kim) - what?

• कथम् (katham) - how?

• केन (kena) - by whom?

• बध्यते (badhyate) - is bound, is tied

Words meanings and morphology

अबद्धः (abaddhaḥ) - unbound, not bound

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abaddha

abaddha - unbound, not bound, free

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+baddha)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
• baddha – bound, tied, fettered, caught
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root bandh
  Root: bandh (class 9)

बद्धः (baddhaḥ) - bound, fettered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of baddha

baddha - bound, tied, fettered, caught

Past Passive Participle

from root bandh

Root: bandh (class 9)

इति (iti) - thus, so saying

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

absolutive form from root vac

Root: vac (class 2)

किम् (kim) - why? what?

(indeclinable)

शोचसि (śocasi) - you grieve, you lament

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śuc

Root: śuc (class 1)

मुधा (mudhā) - uselessly, in vain

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

अनन्तस्य (anantasya) - of the infinite

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, singular of ananta

ananta - infinite, endless, boundless

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+anta)

• an – not, non
  indeclinable
• anta – end, limit, boundary
  noun (masculine)

आत्मतत्त्वस्य (ātmatattvasya) - of the reality of the self (ātman), of the Self-principle

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of ātmatattva

ātmatattva - reality of the Self, Self-principle, true nature of the ātman

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (ātman+tattva)

• ātman – self, soul, supreme spirit
  noun (masculine)
• tattva – reality, principle, essence, truth
  noun (neuter)

किम् (kim) - what?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, which?

कथम् (katham) - how?

(indeclinable)

केन (kena) - by whom?

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who?, what?, which?

बध्यते (badhyate) - is bound, is tied

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of bandh

Root: bandh (class 9)

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