योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-102, verse-2

श्रीराम उवाच ।
कोऽसौ संकल्पितः केन क्षयो ब्रह्मविदां वर ।
असतैव महामोहं येनादात्तत्सदैव हि ॥ २ ॥

śrīrāma uvāca ,
ko'sau saṃkalpitaḥ kena kṣayo brahmavidāṃ vara ,
asataiva mahāmohaṃ yenādāttatsadaiva hi 2

2. śrīrāma uvāca kaḥ asau saṅkalpitaḥ kena kṣayaḥ brahmavidām
vara asatā eva mahāmoham yena adāt tat satā eva hi

2. śrīrāma uvāca brahmavidām vara kaḥ asau kṣayaḥ kena saṅkalpitaḥ
yena asatā eva mahāmoham adāt tat satā eva hi (bhavati)

2. Sri Rama said: O foremost among the knowers of Brahman (brahman), what is this 'decay' that has been conceived, and by whom? How is it that by the non-existent (asat) itself, such great delusion (moha) has been caused, leading us to believe that decay could belong to the truly existent (sat)?

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीराम (śrīrāma) - Sri Rama (proper noun)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• कः (kaḥ) - who, what

• असौ (asau) - that (person/thing), he/she/it

• सङ्कल्पितः (saṅkalpitaḥ) - intended, conceived, willed

• केन (kena) - by whom, by what

• क्षयः (kṣayaḥ) - decay, destruction, decline

• ब्रह्मविदाम् (brahmavidām) - of the knowers of Brahman (brahman)

• वर (vara) - O best, O excellent one

• असता (asatā) - by the non-existent, by the unreal

• एव (eva) - merely, only, indeed

• महामोहम् (mahāmoham) - great delusion, profound confusion

• येन (yena) - by which, by whom

• अदात् (adāt) - gave, caused, created

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• सता (satā) - by the existent, by the real

• एव (eva) - merely, only, indeed

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीराम (śrīrāma) - Sri Rama (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīrāma

śrīrāma - Sri Rama (proper name)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śrī+rāma)

• śrī – prosperity, glory, beauty, revered
  noun/adjective (feminine)
• rāma – Rama (name of a prominent deity in Hinduism)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: ram

Note: Subject of uvāca

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect (lit)

3rd person singular, perfect tense, root vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

कः (kaḥ) - who, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Interrogative pronoun, referring to kṣayaḥ

असौ (asau) - that (person/thing), he/she/it

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, yonder

Note: Agrees with kṣayaḥ and kaḥ

सङ्कल्पितः (saṅkalpitaḥ) - intended, conceived, willed

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṅkalpita

saṅkalpita - intended, resolved, thought, conceived

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kḷp with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: kḷp (class 10)

Note: Agrees with kṣayaḥ

केन (kena) - by whom, by what

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Agent of saṅkalpitaḥ

क्षयः (kṣayaḥ) - decay, destruction, decline

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣaya

kṣaya - decay, destruction, loss, decrease

Derived from root kṣi (to destroy, waste away)

Root: kṣi (class 1)

ब्रह्मविदाम् (brahmavidām) - of the knowers of Brahman (brahman)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of brahmavid

brahmavid - knowing Brahman, a knower of Brahman

brahman (Brahman) + vid (knower)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+vid)

• brahman – the Absolute, the ultimate reality
  noun (neuter)
  from root bṛh (to grow, expand)
  Root: bṛh (class 1)
• vid – knowing, skilled in, knower
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  derived from root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Part of the vocative address brahmavidām vara

वर (vara) - O best, O excellent one

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - excellent, best, boon, chosen

from root vṛ (to choose)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Directly addresses Vasistha

असता (asatā) - by the non-existent, by the unreal

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of asat

asat - non-existent, unreal, false, evil

Present Active Participle (negative)

a (not) + sat (being, existing); derived from as (to be)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sat)

• a – not, un-
  prefix/indeclinable
  negative prefix
• sat – being, existing, good, reality
  participle/adjective/noun (neuter)
  Present Active Participle
  derived from root as (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Indicates the agent of causing delusion

एव (eva) - merely, only, indeed

(indeclinable)

महामोहम् (mahāmoham) - great delusion, profound confusion

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāmoha

mahāmoha - great delusion, profound confusion

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+moha)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
  Stem form of mahat (great)
• moha – delusion, confusion
  noun (masculine)
  from root muh
  Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Object of adāt

येन (yena) - by which, by whom

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Connects the cause (decay/process) to the effect (delusion)

अदात् (adāt) - gave, caused, created

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past (aorist) (luṅ) of dā

aorist

3rd person singular aorist, root dā (to give), class 3

Root: dā (class 3)

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

सता (satā) - by the existent, by the real

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sat

sat - being, existent, real, true, good

Present Active Participle

Derived from root as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Refers to the ultimate reality

एव (eva) - merely, only, indeed

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

emphasising particle

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