योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-102, verse-20

संसारेऽस्मिन्विहरतो मनोऽपि हि न नश्यति ।
ज्ञानाग्निना विना जन्तोरात्मनाशे तु का कथा ॥ २० ॥

saṃsāre'sminviharato mano'pi hi na naśyati ,
jñānāgninā vinā jantorātmanāśe tu kā kathā 20

20. saṃsāre asmin viharataḥ manaḥ api hi na naśyati
jñānāgninā vinā jantoḥ ātmanāśe tu kā kathā

20. asmin saṃsāre viharataḥ manaḥ api hi na naśyati.
jñānāgninā vinā,
jantoḥ ātmanāśe tu kā kathā?

20. In this cycle of transmigration (saṃsāra), even the mind of one who wanders does not perish. If this is so, then what can be said about the destruction of the individual self (ātman) for a living being without the fire of true knowledge? (It does not perish).

Words meanings summery:

• संसारे (saṁsāre) - in the transmigratory existence, in the cycle of birth and death

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

• विहरतः (viharataḥ) - of one who wanders, of a wanderer

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect, thought

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• न (na) - not, no

• नश्यति (naśyati) - perishes, is lost, disappears

• ज्ञानाग्निना (jñānāgninā) - by the fire of knowledge

• विना (vinā) - without, except for

• जन्तोः (jantoḥ) - of a living being, creature

• आत्मनाशे (ātmanāśe) - upon the destruction of the self

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• का (kā) - what, which (female)

• कथा (kathā) - story, talk, question

Words meanings and morphology

संसारे (saṁsāre) - in the transmigratory existence, in the cycle of birth and death

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃsāra

saṁsāra - cycle of birth, death, and rebirth; transmigration; the world; worldly existence

Derived from prefix sam- and root sṛ (to flow, to move) with suffix -a (ghaÑ).

Prefix: sam

Root: sṛ (class 1)

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one (near the speaker)

Note: Agrees with 'saṃsāre'.

विहरतः (viharataḥ) - of one who wanders, of a wanderer

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of viharant

viharant - wandering, roaming, playing, enjoying; a wanderer

Present Active Participle

Derived from prefix vi- and root hṛ (to take, to carry) with suffix -śatṛ.

Prefix: vi

Root: hṛ (class 1)

मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect, thought

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, understanding, thought, intention

Root: man (class 4)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

नश्यति (naśyati) - perishes, is lost, disappears

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of naś

Present Indicative

Root: naś (class 4)

ज्ञानाग्निना (jñānāgninā) - by the fire of knowledge

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of jñānāgni

jñānāgni - the fire of knowledge

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jñāna+agni)

• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom, awareness
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root jñā (to know) with suffix -ana (lyuṭ).
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• agni – fire, sacrificial fire, god of fire
  noun (masculine)

विना (vinā) - without, except for

(indeclinable)

जन्तोः (jantoḥ) - of a living being, creature

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jantu

jantu - living being, creature, human being, animal

Derived from root jan (to be born).

Root: jan (class 4)

आत्मनाशे (ātmanāśe) - upon the destruction of the self

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ātmanāśa

ātmanāśa - destruction of the self/soul

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+nāśa)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual self, universal self
  noun (masculine)
• nāśa – destruction, ruin, loss, disappearance
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root naś (to perish) with suffix -a (ghaÑ).
  Root: naś (class 4)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

का (kā) - what, which (female)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ka

ka - who, what, which (interrogative pronoun/adjective)

Note: Agrees with 'kathā'.

कथा (kathā) - story, talk, question

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kathā

kathā - story, tale, narrative, talk, conversation, question, what is to be said

Derived from root kath (to tell, to speak).

Root: kath (class 10)

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