योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-11, verse-29

राजोवाच ।
पुत्र प्राप्तविवेकस्त्वं कल्याणानां च भाजनम् ।
जडवज्जीर्णया बुद्ध्या खेदायात्मा न दीयताम् ॥ २९ ॥

rājovāca ,
putra prāptavivekastvaṃ kalyāṇānāṃ ca bhājanam ,
jaḍavajjīrṇayā buddhyā khedāyātmā na dīyatām 29

29. rājā uvāca putra prāptavivekaḥ tvam kalyāṇānām ca
bhājanam jaḍavat jīrṇayā buddhyā khedāya ātmā na dīyatām

29. The king said: 'Son, you have attained discernment and are a worthy recipient of auspiciousness. Do not, like a dullard, surrender your true self (ātman) to sorrow by means of a worn-out intellect (buddhi).'

Words meanings summery:

• राजा (rājā) - the king (king, ruler)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (the king) (he said, he spoke)

• पुत्र (putra) - O son! (vocative) (son, child)

• प्राप्तविवेकः (prāptavivekaḥ) - you who have attained discernment (one who has attained discrimination/discernment)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (the prince) (you)

• कल्याणानाम् (kalyāṇānām) - of auspiciousness, of good fortune (of good things, of auspicious things, of blessings)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• भाजनम् (bhājanam) - worthy recipient (vessel, recipient, object)

• जडवत् (jaḍavat) - like a dullard, like an inert person (like a fool, like an inert person)

• जीर्णया (jīrṇayā) - by a worn-out, decayed (by an old, by a worn-out)

• बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by the intellect (by intellect, by understanding)

• खेदाय (khedāya) - for sorrow (for sorrow, for distress)

• आत्मा (ātmā) - your true self (ātman), mind (self, soul, spirit, mind)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• दीयताम् (dīyatām) - let it be given, let it be directed (passive imperative) (let it be given)

Words meanings and morphology

राजा (rājā) - the king (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

n-stem noun

Root: rāj (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (the king) (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active 3rd Person Singular

From root vac (2nd class), perfect tense.

Root: vac (class 2)

पुत्र (putra) - O son! (vocative) (son, child)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

प्राप्तविवेकः (prāptavivekaḥ) - you who have attained discernment (one who has attained discrimination/discernment)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāptaviveka

prāptaviveka - one who has obtained or achieved discernment/wisdom

Bahuvrīhi compound, meaning 'whose discrimination is obtained'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prāpta+viveka)

• prāpta – obtained, attained, reached
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from `pra` (prefix) + `āp` (to obtain)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: āp (class 5)
• viveka – discrimination, discernment, wisdom, judgement
  noun (masculine)
  From `vi` (prefix) + `vic` (to distinguish)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vic (class 7)

Note: Agrees with `tvam`.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (the prince) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular)

2nd person pronoun.

कल्याणानाम् (kalyāṇānām) - of auspiciousness, of good fortune (of good things, of auspicious things, of blessings)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of kalyāṇa

kalyāṇa - auspicious, excellent, fortunate, good fortune, well-being

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction

भाजनम् (bhājanam) - worthy recipient (vessel, recipient, object)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhājana

bhājana - vessel, receptacle, recipient, object, worthy person

From root bhaj (to divide, to possess, to partake)

Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Predicative nominative agreeing with `tvam`.

जडवत् (jaḍavat) - like a dullard, like an inert person (like a fool, like an inert person)

(indeclinable)

Suffix -vat forming an adverb from `jaḍa` (dull, inert).

जीर्णया (jīrṇayā) - by a worn-out, decayed (by an old, by a worn-out)

(adjective)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of jīrṇa

jīrṇa - old, worn out, decayed, digested, infirm

Past Passive Participle

From root jṛ (to decay, to wear out).

Root: jṛ (class 9)

बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by the intellect (by intellect, by understanding)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, intelligence, perception

From root budh (to know, to understand).

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Used as an instrument.

खेदाय (khedāya) - for sorrow (for sorrow, for distress)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of kheda

kheda - sorrow, distress, weariness, sadness, dejection

From root khid (to be distressed).

Root: khid (class 6)

आत्मा (ātmā) - your true self (ātman), mind (self, soul, spirit, mind)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, individual soul, the Supreme Soul (brahman), vital breath, mind

n-stem noun.

Note: Subject of `dīyatām`.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

दीयताम् (dīyatām) - let it be given, let it be directed (passive imperative) (let it be given)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of dā

Imperative Passive 3rd Person Singular

From root dā (3rd class), with passive `ya`-suffix.

Root: dā (class 3)