वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-84, verse-6

सुग्रीवस्तान् कपीन्दृष्ट्वा भग्नान् विद्रवतो रणे ।
गुल्मे सुषेणं निक्षिप्य चक्रे युद्धे द्रुतं मनः ॥६॥

6. sugrīvastān kapīndṛṣṭvā bhagnān vidravato raṇe ,
gulme suṣeṇaṃ nikṣipya cakre yuddhe drutaṃ manaḥ.

6. sugrīvaḥ tān kapīn dṛṣṭvā bhagnān vidravataḥ raṇe
gulme suṣeṇam nikṣipya cakre yuddhe drutam manaḥ

6. sugrīvaḥ raṇe tān bhagnān vidravataḥ kapīn dṛṣṭvā
gulme suṣeṇam nikṣipya drutam manaḥ yuddhe cakre

6. Sugrīva, having seen those monkeys defeated and fleeing in battle, placed Suṣeṇa in charge of the contingent and swiftly turned his mind to the fight.

Words meanings summery:

• सुग्रीवः (sugrīvaḥ) - The monkey king. (Sugrīva (proper name))

• तान् (tān) - Referring to the fleeing monkeys. (those)

• कपीन् (kapīn) - monkeys

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• भग्नान् (bhagnān) - defeated, broken, shattered

• विद्रवतः (vidravataḥ) - fleeing, running away

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the fight

• गुल्मे (gulme) - Referring to a military detachment or contingent. (in the troop, in the division, in the thicket)

• सुषेणम् (suṣeṇam) - A prominent monkey general. (Suṣeṇa (proper name))

• निक्षिप्य (nikṣipya) - Having entrusted (Suṣeṇa) in charge of the troop. (having placed, having deposited, having entrusted)

• चक्रे (cakre) - He set (his mind). (he made, he did, he resolved)

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - Towards the act of battling. (in battle, for battle, towards battle)

• द्रुतम् (drutam) - swiftly, quickly, hastened

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intention, thought

Words meanings and morphology

सुग्रीवः (sugrīvaḥ) - The monkey king. (Sugrīva (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugrīva (proper name of the monkey king), one with a beautiful neck

Compound: su (good) + grīva (neck).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+grīva)

• su – good, well, beautiful
  indeclinable
• grīva – neck
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of 'cakre'.

तान् (tān) - Referring to the fleeing monkeys. (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Qualifies 'kapīn'.

कपीन् (kapīn) - monkeys

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kapi

kapi - monkey, ape

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Derived from root √dṛś (to see) with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Connects the prior action (seeing) to the main verb (setting mind).

भग्नान् (bhagnān) - defeated, broken, shattered

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhagna

bhagna - broken, defeated, shattered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √bhañj (to break) with suffix -ta.

Root: bhañj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'kapīn'.

विद्रवतः (vidravataḥ) - fleeing, running away

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vidravat

vidravat - fleeing, running away

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √dru (to run) with prefix vi- and present participle suffix -at.

Prefix: vi

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'kapīn'.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the fight

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, fight, war, conflict

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: Location where monkeys were seen.

गुल्मे (gulme) - Referring to a military detachment or contingent. (in the troop, in the division, in the thicket)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of gulma

gulma - troop, division (of an army), thicket, bush, spleen

Note: Location where Suṣeṇa was placed.

सुषेणम् (suṣeṇam) - A prominent monkey general. (Suṣeṇa (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of suṣeṇa

suṣeṇa - Suṣeṇa (proper name), having a good army

Compound: su (good) + senā (army).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+senā)

• su – good, well, beautiful
  indeclinable
• senā – army, host, troop
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of 'nikṣipya'.

निक्षिप्य (nikṣipya) - Having entrusted (Suṣeṇa) in charge of the troop. (having placed, having deposited, having entrusted)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund (with prefix)

Derived from root √kṣip (to throw, place) with prefix ni- and suffix -ya.

Prefix: ni

Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: Connects the prior action (entrusting) to the main verb.

चक्रे (cakre) - He set (his mind). (he made, he did, he resolved)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of kṛ

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, ātmanepada of √kṛ (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Main verb.

युद्धे (yuddhe) - Towards the act of battling. (in battle, for battle, towards battle)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

Derived from root √yudh (to fight) with suffix -ta.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Indicates the object/purpose of the mental action.

द्रुतम् (drutam) - swiftly, quickly, hastened

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle (substantivized as adverb)

Derived from root √dru (to run) with suffix -ta.

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'cakre' (how he set his mind).

मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intention, thought

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought, intention

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Object of 'cakre'.