वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-84, verse-20

गजात्तु मथितात्तूर्णमपक्रम्य स वीर्यवान् ।
राक्षसो ऽभिमुखः शत्रुं प्रत्युद्गम्य ततः कपिम् ॥२०॥

20. gajāttu mathitāttūrṇamapakramya sa vīryavān ,
rākṣaso'bhimukhaḥ śatruṃ pratyudgamya tataḥ kapim.

20. gajāt tu mathitāt tūrṇam apakramya saḥ vīryavān
rākṣasaḥ abhimukhaḥ śatrum pratyudgamya tataḥ kapim

20. tu saḥ vīryavān rākṣasaḥ mathitāt gajāt tūrṇam
apakramya tataḥ śatrum abhimukhaḥ kapim pratyudgamya

20. But that powerful demon, quickly descending from the agitated elephant, then advanced, facing the enemy, to meet the monkey (Sugriva).

Words meanings summery:

• गजात् (gajāt) - from the elephant

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• मथितात् (mathitāt) - from the agitated, from the crushed

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

• अपक्रम्य (apakramya) - having descended, having retreated

• सः (saḥ) - that one (referring to the demon) (he, that)

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful, valorous, heroic

• राक्षसः (rākṣasaḥ) - the demon

• अभिमुखः (abhimukhaḥ) - facing, turned towards

• शत्रुम् (śatrum) - the enemy

• प्रत्युद्गम्य (pratyudgamya) - having gone forth to meet, having advanced towards

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom

• कपिम् (kapim) - the monkey (Sugriva) (the monkey)

Words meanings and morphology

गजात् (gajāt) - from the elephant

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of gaja

gaja - elephant

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

मथितात् (mathitāt) - from the agitated, from the crushed

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of mathita

mathita - agitated, churned, crushed, disturbed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root math or manth (to churn, agitate, crush).

Root: math (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'gajāt' (from the elephant).

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially.

अपक्रम्य (apakramya) - having descended, having retreated

(indeclinable)

Derived from the root kram (to step, go) with the prefix apa.

Prefix: apa

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Absolutive (Gerund).

सः (saḥ) - that one (referring to the demon) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful, valorous, heroic

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - powerful, strong, valorous, courageous

From vīrya (valor, strength) + -vat (possessive suffix).

राक्षसः (rākṣasaḥ) - the demon

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, rakshasa

अभिमुखः (abhimukhaḥ) - facing, turned towards

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhimukha

abhimukha - facing, turned towards, confronted with

From mukha (face) with prefix abhi (towards).

शत्रुम् (śatrum) - the enemy

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe

प्रत्युद्गम्य (pratyudgamya) - having gone forth to meet, having advanced towards

(indeclinable)

Derived from the root gam (to go) with prefixes prati and ud.

Prefixes: prati+ud

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Absolutive (Gerund).

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom

(indeclinable)

कपिम् (kapim) - the monkey (Sugriva) (the monkey)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kapi

kapi - monkey