वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-84, verse-18

ततः पादपमुद्धृत्य शूरः संप्रधने हरिः ।
अभिपत्य जघानास्य प्रमुखे तं महागजम् ॥१८॥

18. tataḥ pādapamuddhṛtya śūraḥ saṃpradhane hariḥ ,
abhipatya jaghānāsya pramukhe taṃ mahāgajam.

18. tataḥ pādapam uddhṛtya śūraḥ sampradhane hariḥ
abhipatya jaghāna asya pramukhe tam mahāgajam

18. tataḥ śūraḥ hariḥ sampradhane pādapam uddhṛtya
abhipatya asya pramukhe tam mahāgajam jaghāna

18. Then, the brave monkey (Sugriva), having uprooted a tree and charged forward in that great battle, struck that great elephant right in front of (Virupaksha).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• पादपम् (pādapam) - tree (lit. 'foot-drinker')

• उद्धृत्य (uddhṛtya) - having uprooted, having pulled out

• शूरः (śūraḥ) - Sugriva (brave, valiant, hero)

• सम्प्रधने (sampradhane) - in the great battle, in the fierce conflict

• हरिः (hariḥ) - Sugriva, the monkey. (monkey, lion, Vishnu, sun)

• अभिपत्य (abhipatya) - having attacked, having fallen upon

• जघान (jaghāna) - struck, killed, slew

• अस्य (asya) - Of Virupaksha (of him, his)

• प्रमुखे (pramukhe) - In front of Virupaksha. (in front of, in the presence of)

• तम् (tam) - that, him

• महागजम् (mahāgajam) - The elephant Virupaksha was riding. (great elephant)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

Adverb derived from `tad`.

पादपम् (pādapam) - tree (lit. 'foot-drinker')

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pādapa

pādapa - tree (lit. 'drinking by roots/feet')

From `pāda` (foot/root) + `pa` (drinker, from root `pā`).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāda+pa)

• pāda – foot, root, ray
  noun (masculine)
• pa – drinker, protector
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root `pā` (to drink).
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Object of `uddhṛtya`.

उद्धृत्य (uddhṛtya) - having uprooted, having pulled out

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From root `hṛ` with prefix `ud`. Formed with suffix `-ya` after a prefix.

Prefix: ud

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Denotes prior action.

शूरः (śūraḥ) - Sugriva (brave, valiant, hero)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūra

śūra - brave, valiant, hero, warrior

सम्प्रधने (sampradhane) - in the great battle, in the fierce conflict

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sampradhana

sampradhana - battle, fierce conflict, great war

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Setting for the action.

हरिः (hariḥ) - Sugriva, the monkey. (monkey, lion, Vishnu, sun)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hari

hari - monkey, lion, Vishnu, Indra, sun, horse

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verbs.

अभिपत्य (abhipatya) - having attacked, having fallen upon

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From root `pat` (to fall/rush) with prefix `abhi`. Formed with suffix `-ya` after a prefix.

Prefix: abhi

Root: pat (class 1)

जघान (jaghāna) - struck, killed, slew

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of jaghāna

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

From root `han`. Reduplicated perfect.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

अस्य (asya) - Of Virupaksha (of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Possessive, referring to the demon Virupaksha.

प्रमुखे (pramukhe) - In front of Virupaksha. (in front of, in the presence of)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pramukha

pramukha - forefront, chief, in front of

Note: Denotes location relative to `asya`.

तम् (tam) - that, him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Qualifies `mahāgajam`.

महागजम् (mahāgajam) - The elephant Virupaksha was riding. (great elephant)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāgaja

mahāgaja - great elephant

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+gaja)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of `jaghāna`.