वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-84, verse-4

प्लवंगानामनीकानि महाभ्राणीव मारुतः ।
स ययौ समरे तस्मिन् विधमन् रावणः शरैः ॥४॥

4. plavaṃgānāmanīkāni mahābhrāṇīva mārutaḥ ,
sa yayau samare tasmin vidhaman rāvaṇaḥ śaraiḥ.

4. plavaṅgānām anīkāni mahābhrāṇi iva mārutaḥ sa
yayau samare tasmin vidhaman rāvaṇaḥ śaraiḥ

4. rāvaṇaḥ tasmin samare śaraiḥ plavaṅgānām
anīkāni mārutaḥ mahābhrāṇi iva vidhaman yayau

4. Rāvaṇa advanced in that battle, scattering the monkey armies with arrows, just as the wind scatters great clouds.

Words meanings summery:

• प्लवङ्गानाम् (plavaṅgānām) - of the monkeys

• अनीकानि (anīkāni) - armies, hosts, divisions

• महाभ्राणि (mahābhrāṇi) - great clouds

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• मारुतः (mārutaḥ) - wind, god of wind

• स (sa) - Referring to Rāvaṇa. (he)

• ययौ (yayau) - he went, he proceeded

• समरे (samare) - in battle

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - Referring to the battle (samare). (in that)

• विधमन् (vidhaman) - scattering, blowing away, destroying

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - The king of Lanka, the antagonist. (Rāvaṇa)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

Words meanings and morphology

प्लवङ्गानाम् (plavaṅgānām) - of the monkeys

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of plavaṅga

plavaṅga - monkey, ape, literally 'one who goes by leaping'

From √plu (to leap, swim) + √gam (to go).

Compound type : tatpurusha (plava+ga)

• plava – leaping, swimming, boat
  noun (masculine)
  Root: plu (class 1)
• ga – going, moving, who goes
  adjective (masculine)
  From √gam (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Possessive of 'anīkāni'.

अनीकानि (anīkāni) - armies, hosts, divisions

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of anīka

anīka - army, host, array, division

Note: Subject in the simile.

महाभ्राणि (mahābhrāṇi) - great clouds

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of mahābhrā

mahābhrā - great cloud

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+abhra)

• mahat – great, large, vast
  adjective (neuter)
• abhra – cloud, sky
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of comparison in the simile.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

मारुतः (mārutaḥ) - wind, god of wind

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of māruta

māruta - wind, Marut (deity)

Note: Agent in the simile.

स (sa) - Referring to Rāvaṇa. (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Follows sandhi rules for 'saḥ' before consonants.

ययौ (yayau) - he went, he proceeded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of yā

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular of √yā (to go).

Root: yā (class 2)

समरे (samare) - in battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, combat

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - Referring to the battle (samare). (in that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Qualifies 'samare'.

विधमन् (vidhaman) - scattering, blowing away, destroying

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidhamat

vidhamat - scattering, blowing away, destroying

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √dhmā (to blow) with prefix vi- and present participle suffix -at.

Prefix: vi

Root: dhmā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rāvaṇaḥ'.

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - The king of Lanka, the antagonist. (Rāvaṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (proper name of the demon king)

From √ru (to cry, roar) with causative and suffix -ana.

Root: ru (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'yayau'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Note: Means by which Rāvaṇa scattered the monkeys.

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