वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-84, verse-31

स्फुरन्तं परिवर्जन्तं पार्श्वेन रुधिरोक्षितम् ।
करुणं च विनर्दान्तं ददृशुः कपयो रिपुम् ॥३१॥

31. sphurantaṃ parivarjantaṃ pārśvena rudhirokṣitam ,
karuṇaṃ ca vinardāntaṃ dadṛśuḥ kapayo ripum.

31. sphurantam parivarjantam pārśvena rudhirokṣitam
karuṇam ca vinardāntam dadṛśuḥ kapayaḥ ripum

31. kapayaḥ sphurantam parivarjantam pārśvena
rudhirokṣitam ca karuṇam vinardāntam ripum dadṛśuḥ

31. The monkeys saw their enemy, who was quivering, trying to escape, soaked in blood on its side, and crying out piteously.

Words meanings summery:

• स्फुरन्तम् (sphurantam) - quivering (with pain or fear) (quivering, throbbing, struggling, flashing)

• परिवर्जन्तम् (parivarjantam) - trying to escape (avoiding, abandoning, trying to escape)

• पार्श्वेन (pārśvena) - at its (the enemy's) side (by the side, at the flank)

• रुधिरोक्षितम् (rudhirokṣitam) - soaked in blood (sprinkled with blood, blood-soaked)

• करुणम् (karuṇam) - piteously (piteously, mournfully, compassionately, sadly)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• विनर्दान्तम् (vinardāntam) - crying out (piteously) (roaring, crying out, screaming)

• ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they saw

• कपयः (kapayaḥ) - the monkeys (monkeys)

• रिपुम् (ripum) - their enemy (enemy)

Words meanings and morphology

स्फुरन्तम् (sphurantam) - quivering (with pain or fear) (quivering, throbbing, struggling, flashing)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sphurant

sphurant - quivering, throbbing, struggling, flashing, glittering

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √sphur (to throb, quiver, flash, dart)

Root: sphur (class 6)

Note: Qualifying `ripum`

परिवर्जन्तम् (parivarjantam) - trying to escape (avoiding, abandoning, trying to escape)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parivarjant

parivarjant - avoiding, abandoning, trying to escape

Present Active Particatiaple

Derived from root √vṛj (to avoid, abandon) with prefix pari-

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛj (class 1)

Note: Qualifying `ripum`

पार्श्वेन (pārśvena) - at its (the enemy's) side (by the side, at the flank)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of pārśva

pārśva - side, flank

रुधिरोक्षितम् (rudhirokṣitam) - soaked in blood (sprinkled with blood, blood-soaked)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rudhirokṣita

rudhirokṣita - sprinkled with blood, blood-soaked

Compound type : tatpurusha (rudhira+ukṣita)

• rudhira – blood
  noun (neuter)
• ukṣita – sprinkled, moistened, wet
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √ukṣ (to sprinkle)
  Root: ukṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifying `ripum`

करुणम् (karuṇam) - piteously (piteously, mournfully, compassionately, sadly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb qualifying `vinardāntam`

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

विनर्दान्तम् (vinardāntam) - crying out (piteously) (roaring, crying out, screaming)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vinardānt

vinardānt - roaring, crying out

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √nard (to roar, sound) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: nard (class 1)

Note: Qualifying `ripum`

ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they saw

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of dṛś

Perfect tense, 3rd person plural

Reduplicated perfect form of √dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

कपयः (kapayaḥ) - the monkeys (monkeys)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kapi

kapi - monkey

Note: Subject of `dadṛśuḥ`

रिपुम् (ripum) - their enemy (enemy)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ripu

ripu - enemy, foe

Note: Object of `dadṛśuḥ`