वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-84, verse-5

कदनं तरसा कृत्वा राक्षसेन्द्रो वनौकसाम् ।
आससाद ततो युद्धे राघवं त्वरितस्तदा ॥५॥

5. kadanaṃ tarasā kṛtvā rākṣasendro vanaukasām ,
āsasāda tato yuddhe rāghavaṃ tvaritastadā.

5. kadanam tarasā kṛtvā rākṣasendraḥ vanaukasām
āsasāda tataḥ yuddhe rāghavam tvaritaḥ tadā

5. tarasā vanaukasām kadanam kṛtvā rākṣasendraḥ
tataḥ tadā tvaritaḥ yuddhe rāghavam āsasāda

5. After swiftly causing the destruction of the forest-dwelling monkeys, the king of the rākṣasas (demons) quickly approached Rāghava (Rama) in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• कदनम् (kadanam) - slaughter, destruction, massacre

• तरसा (tarasā) - swiftly, by force, with speed

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having caused

• राक्षसेन्द्रः (rākṣasendraḥ) - Referring to Rāvaṇa. (king of rākṣasas (demons))

• वनौकसाम् (vanaukasām) - Referring to the monkey army. (of the forest-dwellers (monkeys))

• आससाद (āsasāda) - he approached, he reached

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

• राघवम् (rāghavam) - To Lord Rama. (to Rāghava, to Rama (son of Raghu))

• त्वरितः (tvaritaḥ) - swift, hastened, quickly

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

कदनम् (kadanam) - slaughter, destruction, massacre

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kadana

kadana - killing, slaughter, destruction

From √kad (to pain, confuse) or √han (to kill) with prefix and suffix.

Root: kad (class 1)

Note: Object of 'kṛtvā'.

तरसा (tarasā) - swiftly, by force, with speed

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of taras

taras - speed, swiftness, force, power

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'kṛtvā'.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having caused

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Derived from root √kṛ (to do, make) with suffix -tvā.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Connects the prior action to the main verb.

राक्षसेन्द्रः (rākṣasendraḥ) - Referring to Rāvaṇa. (king of rākṣasas (demons))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasendra

rākṣasendra - king of rākṣasas

Compound type : tatpurusha (rākṣasa+indra)

• rākṣasa – rākṣasa, demon
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, king
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'āsasāda'.

वनौकसाम् (vanaukasām) - Referring to the monkey army. (of the forest-dwellers (monkeys))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vanaukas

vanaukas - forest-dweller, inhabitant of the forest (often referring to monkeys)

Compound type : tatpurusha (vana+okas)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• okas – dwelling, abode, house
  noun (neuter)

Note: Possessive, indicating whose slaughter.

आससाद (āsasāda) - he approached, he reached

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of sad

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular of √sad (to sit, approach) with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle (substantivized)

Derived from root √yudh (to fight) with suffix -ta.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Location of the action.

राघवम् (rāghavam) - To Lord Rama. (to Rāghava, to Rama (son of Raghu))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, son of Raghu (an epithet of Rama)

Patronymic from Raghu.

Note: Object of 'āsasāda'.

त्वरितः (tvaritaḥ) - swift, hastened, quickly

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvarita

tvarita - hastened, quick, swift

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √tvar (to hurry) with suffix -ta.

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rākṣasendraḥ'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.