वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-84, verse-21

आर्षभं चर्मखड्गं च प्रगृह्य लघुविक्रमः ।
भर्त्सयन्निव सुग्रीवमाससाद व्यवस्थितम् ॥२१॥

21. ārṣabhaṃ carmakhaḍgaṃ ca pragṛhya laghuvikramaḥ ,
bhartsayanniva sugrīvamāsasāda vyavasthitam.

21. ārṣabham carmakhaḍgam ca pragṛhya laghuvikramaḥ
bhartsayan iva sugrīvam āsasāda vyavasthitam

21. laghuvikramaḥ ārṣabham carmakhaḍgam ca pragṛhya
bhartsayan iva vyavasthitam sugrīvam āsasāda

21. Grasping a bull's hide-sword and a bull's hide (shield), that swift-attacking one, as if threatening Sugriva, approached him where he stood firm.

Words meanings summery:

• आर्षभम् (ārṣabham) - a bull's, relating to a bull

• चर्मखड्गम् (carmakhaḍgam) - a sword with a hide component or a specific type of weapon (shield and sword treated as one compound for grammatical form) (leather-sword, hide-sword)

• च (ca) - and

• प्रगृह्य (pragṛhya) - having grasped, having taken

• लघुविक्रमः (laghuvikramaḥ) - the demon who is swift in attack (swift in stride, swift-attacking)

• भर्त्सयन् (bhartsayan) - threatening, scolding

• इव (iva) - as if, like

• सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - Sugriva

• आससाद (āsasāda) - approached, came near

• व्यवस्थितम् (vyavasthitam) - who stood firm (Sugriva) (established, standing firm, arranged)

Words meanings and morphology

आर्षभम् (ārṣabham) - a bull's, relating to a bull

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ārṣabha

ārṣabha - belonging to a bull, made of a bull's skin or horn

Derived from ṛṣabha (bull).

Note: Modifies 'carmakhaḍgam'.

चर्मखड्गम् (carmakhaḍgam) - a sword with a hide component or a specific type of weapon (shield and sword treated as one compound for grammatical form) (leather-sword, hide-sword)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of carmakhaḍga

carmakhaḍga - leather-sword, hide-sword (possibly a shield and a sword implied as a pair)

Compound type : dvandva (carman+khaḍga)

• carman – hide, skin, leather, shield
  noun (neuter)
• khaḍga – sword
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

प्रगृह्य (pragṛhya) - having grasped, having taken

(indeclinable)

Derived from the root grah (to seize, grasp) with the prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Absolutive (Gerund).

लघुविक्रमः (laghuvikramaḥ) - the demon who is swift in attack (swift in stride, swift-attacking)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of laghuvikrama

laghuvikrama - swift in stride, quick-stepping, swift-attacking

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (laghu+vikrama)

• laghu – light, quick, swift
  adjective
• vikrama – stride, step, valor, power, attack
  noun (masculine)
  From root kram (to step) with prefix vi.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kram (class 1)

भर्त्सयन् (bhartsayan) - threatening, scolding

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhartsayat

bhartsayat - threatening, scolding, reproaching

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root bharts (to threaten, scold).

Root: bharts (class 10)

इव (iva) - as if, like

(indeclinable)

सुग्रीवम् (sugrīvam) - Sugriva

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sugrīva

sugrīva - Sugriva (name of the monkey king)

आससाद (āsasāda) - approached, came near

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of āsad

From root sad (to sit, go) with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

व्यवस्थितम् (vyavasthitam) - who stood firm (Sugriva) (established, standing firm, arranged)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vyavasthita

vyavasthita - established, arranged, standing firm, fixed, situated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root sthā (to stand) with prefixes vi and ava.

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'Sugrīvam'.